CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
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| What do Absolute Statements assert? | existence of some fact |
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| What do Conditional Statements assert? | Existence of hypothetical relationship betw. conditions | if 1st condition is met then 2nd must follow |
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| What 2 elements are conditional statements composed of? | sufficient condition | necessary condition |
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| What does a sufficient condition have to do ? | guarantee the necessary condition | NOTHING ELSE IS REQUIRED |
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| What is required for a sufficient condition to be satisfied? | necessary condition |
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| What is a Valid Affirmation? | Sufficient and necessary conditions fulfilled |
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| What is a contrapositive? | Flip side of a valid affirmation | The og terms of conditional statement are switched and negated | is ALWAYS a vaild inference |
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| What is a valid inference? | necessary and sufficient conditions not met |
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| What is an invalid inference? | When satisfying necessary condition is not enough to conclude that a sufficient condition follows | When denying sufficient condition is not enough to conclude a necessary condition cannot follow |
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| How will "only if" occur on the LSAT? | only if A, B | B, only if A | Introduces necessary condition |
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| if/when/all/any/each/every | introduce sufficient conditions |
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| "only" | refers to necessary condition | only A are B | The only B are A |
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| "if and only if" | introduces condition that is both sufficient and necessary | A will go to China "if and only if" B meets them there | A China <->B meets | either both conditions occur, or neither one does |
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| unless/until/without/except | turn them into "if not" | Term that follows these is negated to form sufficient condition | other term is necessary condition |
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| How does "unless" occur on the LSAT? | unless A, B | B, unless A |
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| "no(none)" | turn it into "no/none of this is that" | No A's are B's = all A's are not B's |
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| Transitive Property? | ALWAYS a valid inference | Conditional statement's necessary condition is identical to sufficient condition of another conditional statement | Conditional statements can be combined |
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| Transitive Fallacy? | Trying to combine two conditional statements using transitive property when you don't meet those requirements[BAD!!! DON'T DO IT!!!] |
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| What are most statements on the LSAT represented by what forms? | Absolute | Conditional |
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| Which side of a statement does the sufficient and necessary conditions go on? | Sufficient = Left | Necessary = Right |
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| Key Words for Sufficient Condition | if | when | whenever | all | any | each | every | people who
the only
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| Key Words for Necessary Condition | then | only | only if | only when | needs | requires | must | always
never [always not]
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Created by:
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