biology eval
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| The change in populations over time | Evolution
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| A body structure in a present day organism that no longer serves its original purpose | Vestigial structure
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| Body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in function | Analogous structures
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| evidence of Evolution | Fossils, Comparative anatomy, Embryological, DNA
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| Natural selection that favors average individuals | Stabilizing Selection
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| Natural selection that favors both extremes | Disruptive Selection
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| Natural selection that favors one extreme variation of a trait | Directional Selection
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| Structural features from different organisms with a common ancestor | Homologous Structures: Bird, whale, and human forearms are examples
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| Evolution occurs in ____. | Population
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| NOT part of Darwin’s original theory of evolution by natural selection | Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation.
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| The more closely related two different organisms are... | more recent common ancestor
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| An organism’s fitness is measured by its.... | Ability to survive to reproduce and pass genes to future generations
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| Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, these bones having developed from very similar embryonic tissues. How do biologists interpret these similarities? | By identifying the bones as being homologous and by proposing that humans, bats, and dolphins share a common ancestor
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| Fossils of some intermediate forms have not been found because... | new types of organisms can appear suddenly without progressive changes determined by natural selection OR fossils are very rare; fossils of only a small fraction of all species have been found
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| How does artificial selection produce rapid changes in the phenotype of organisms? | by changing the frequency of alleles and selecting for new combinations of traits
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| Individuals that are adapted to their environment will survive and produce... | More offspring
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| Natural selection result in change over time by acting on traits that are | Heritable
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| The hind leg bones shown in the whale in Figure 10.2 are examples of | Vestigial structures
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| What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment? | Adaptation
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| What observations did Charles Darwin make about finches in the Galapagos Islands? | Different species of finches lived on different islands
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| The forelimbs of a human, whale, and bat are examples of what structures? | Homologous structures
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| The similarity of the forelimb structures of the organisms in the figure is an indication of | Divergent Evolution
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