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dtcc micro unit test 1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
what is a microbe?   show
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show photosynthesis structure and content of soil, water, and atmosphere heat flow of energy and food in ecosysytem  
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What are some of the ways, harmful and otherwise, in which microbes interact with humans?   show
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show microbes that cause disease  
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How prevalent are pathogens among microbes?   show
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What is the primary difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes   show
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show an obligate intercellular parasites  
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what are some important characteristics of viruses   show
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How would you recognize a properly written scientific or binomial name   show
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What do the two parts of that name indicate?   show
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show P- bacteria, e- protoza, e-fungi, e-algae, neither-viruses, p-archea  
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What are some characteristics of the major groups of microbes   show
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show ancestor of bacteria, archea, eukaroytes  
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show billions of years  
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What are the three domains of life?   show
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show domain (most different) kingdom plylum of divison class order family genus species (most similar)  
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Which contains organisms that are most different from one another?   show
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show rrna is different but nearly identical in species  
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Why is rrna used instead of DNA?   show
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show Pro  
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bacteria minimum need   show
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bioremediation is   show
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show Deliberately alters genetics of microbes  
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show The science of classifying living things (to name)  
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Nomenclature?   show
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show The arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy (kingdom)  
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show The process of discovering and recording traits of organisms so they can be placed in the taxonomic  
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Phylogeny   show
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How large are the smallest objects that can be seen by the human eye   show
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show 1(weird n) m  
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How large is a typical bacterium?   show
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How does this compare to a typical human cell   show
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show The process of enlarging the appearance.  
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What is resolution   show
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How does the oil with immersion lens help?   show
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show Lens  
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show Ocular and objective lens, located on the nose piece  
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show Torret  
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How is total magnification calculated   show
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show bending light as it passes from one medium to another  
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show Ability to dee an object from the background  
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Why is contrast important in forming a good image?   show
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show by using the iris diaphragm to reduce the intensity of the light  
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show visible lights, UV rays, electron beam,  
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show bacteria and parasites, human/animal cells.  
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show living? what do you want to see? what microscope is available?  
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What are the advantages of live preparations (“wet mounts”) and fixed, stained specimens   show
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show water, saline, or broth?  
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show Kill organisms and adhere them to the slides being used so they can take on stains.  
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What is the purpose of staining   show
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show you can not view for a long time and not able to view in greater cellular detail  
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Which type of stain has colored specimens and a clear background?   show
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What are the differences between simple stains and differential stains   show
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How do gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria appear under the microscope   show
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What important microbe is detected by acid-fast staining   show
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show negative  
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show enlarge flagella by coating outside then staining  
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show negative staining  
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show Magnify the image 10X.  
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body tube   show
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show Supports the upper part of the microscope. Use this and the base to carry the microscope.  
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nosepiece   show
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objective lens   show
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show Holds the slide securely in place on the stage.  
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Mechanical stage   show
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condensor   show
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show closes and opens the diaphragm  
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show Provides the light that will pass through the slide  
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fine focus adjustment knob   show
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coarse focus adjustment knob   show
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show Flat surface that rests on the table.  
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show cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA  
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Which structures do most bacterial cells have   show
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show outer membrane  
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How large is a typical bacterium   show
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What are the principal bacterial shapes (hint – there are three) and what names do we use to designate them   show
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show due to individual vaiations in cell wall structure caused by nutritional or slight genetic differences  
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show pleomorphic  
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What is a flagellum   show
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Describe the motion of the flagellum   show
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show Monotrichous (single) lophotrichous (small bunches same site) smphitrichous ( both poles)  
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What are running and tumbling   show
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show movement of bacteria in response to chemical signals.  
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show spirichete (spiral/ corkscrew shape)  
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Which organisms have them flagalla? What type of motion do they produce?   show
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show fimbriae: Small, bristle-like fibers sprouting off the surface of many bacterial cells. Pilus – Long rigid, tubular structure made of a special protein ‘Pilin’.  
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What are nanotubes/nano wires? What is their function?   show
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show slime layer capsule  
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show made by bacteria, epithelia, and other cells  
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What roles can the glycocalyx serve?   show
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What substance makes up the bacterial cell wall?   show
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show peptidoglycan  
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show disrupts its integrity  
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Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative cells. What features does each one have that the other one lacks?   show
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show gram negative  
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What medical effect does lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have?   show
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show cystal violet dye, then iodine solution, a decolorizer, the counterstain.. skipped then it will be purple skipped may not get correct result  
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What are some options for atypical cell walls in bacteria and other prokaryotes?   show
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What are the main components of the plasma/cytoplasmic membrane? What is its function and how does it accomplish this?   show
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What is the difference between a chromosome and a plasmid?   show
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What shape is the bacterial chromosome? where is it found?   show
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show protein synthesis  
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What designation is used for prokaryotic ribosomes?   show
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What designation is used for eukaryotic ribosomes?   show
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What are the differences between an endospore and a vegetative cell?   show
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show survive extreme conditions  
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Under what conditions do endospores form?   show
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What transforms them back into vegetative cells?   show
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show disease causing ability they can be pathogens  
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show bacteria are found everywhere archaea found in unusual environments  
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Why are prokaryotes difficult to classify?   show
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How do we account for variations in a species when classifying prokaryotes?   show
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show common ancestor is nether eu or pro  
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How have eukaryotic organisms changed over time?   show
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show a large host cell & bacteria could become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship. Over millions of yrs of evolution, mitochondria & chloroplasts have become more specialized & today they cannot live outside the cell.  
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show unikonts  
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How are eukaryotic flagella different from prokaryotic flagella?   show
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Describe the structure and function of cilia.   show
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What are the differences between cilia and flagella?   show
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What are the functions of a eukaryotic glycocalyx?   show
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Which eukaryotic groups have cell walls and which do not?   show
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What are fungal cell walls made of?   show
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Describe the general structure of the cytoplasmic membrane. What is its function?   show
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show Long thread like cells found in the bodies of filamentous fungi or molds  
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How does hyphae relate to pseudohyphae?   show
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show yeast-Round oval shaped and undergoes asexual reproduction mold- multicellular sexual or asexual  
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show dimorphic  
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show causes harms to humans  
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What are the active and inactive stages of a protozoan?   show
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show resistant to heat and drying chemicals  
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Why are cysts clinically relevant?   show
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What are the major groups of protozoans based on motility?   show
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show flatworms and round worms  
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show egg, larva, adult.  
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show the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.  
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show a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell  
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define golgi apparatus   show
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show an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.  
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describe mitrochondria   show
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chloroplasts   show
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show They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.  
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show a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.  
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When did eukaryotic cells first appear?   show
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show purple  
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show differential  
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fungal had   show
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show round shaped  
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show coccus, rod, bacillus or spiral  
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show oval shape  
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show molecule that must include at least both carbon and hydrogen  
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what is an inorganic molecule   show
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show  
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