dtcc micro unit test 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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what is a microbe? | show 🗑
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show | photosynthesis
structure and content of soil, water, and atmosphere heat
flow of energy and food in ecosysytem
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What are some of the ways, harmful and otherwise, in which microbes interact with humans? | show 🗑
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show | microbes that cause disease
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How prevalent are pathogens among microbes? | show 🗑
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What is the primary difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes | show 🗑
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show | an obligate intercellular parasites
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what are some important characteristics of viruses | show 🗑
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How would you recognize a properly written scientific or binomial name | show 🗑
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What do the two parts of that name indicate? | show 🗑
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show | P- bacteria, e- protoza, e-fungi, e-algae, neither-viruses, p-archea
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What are some characteristics of the major groups of microbes | show 🗑
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show | ancestor of bacteria, archea, eukaroytes
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show | billions of years
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What are the three domains of life? | show 🗑
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show | domain (most different)
kingdom
plylum of divison
class
order
family
genus
species (most similar)
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Which contains organisms that are most different from one another? | show 🗑
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show | rrna is different but nearly identical in species
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Why is rrna used instead of DNA? | show 🗑
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show | Pro
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bacteria minimum need | show 🗑
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bioremediation is | show 🗑
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show | Deliberately alters genetics of microbes
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show | The science of classifying living things (to name)
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Nomenclature? | show 🗑
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show | The arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy (kingdom)
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show | The process of discovering and recording traits of organisms so they can be placed in the taxonomic
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Phylogeny | show 🗑
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How large are the smallest objects that can be seen by the human eye | show 🗑
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show | 1(weird n) m
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How large is a typical bacterium? | show 🗑
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How does this compare to a typical human cell | show 🗑
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show | The process of enlarging the appearance.
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What is resolution | show 🗑
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How does the oil with immersion lens help? | show 🗑
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show | Lens
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show | Ocular and objective lens, located on the nose piece
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show | Torret
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How is total magnification calculated | show 🗑
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show | bending light as it passes from one medium to another
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show | Ability to dee an object from the background
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Why is contrast important in forming a good image? | show 🗑
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show | by using the iris diaphragm to reduce the intensity of the light
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show | visible lights, UV rays, electron beam,
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show | bacteria and parasites, human/animal cells.
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show | living? what do you want to see? what microscope is available?
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What are the advantages of live preparations (“wet mounts”) and fixed, stained specimens | show 🗑
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show | water, saline, or broth?
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show | Kill organisms and adhere them to the slides being used so they can take on stains.
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What is the purpose of staining | show 🗑
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show | you can not view for a long time and not able to view in greater cellular detail
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Which type of stain has colored specimens and a clear background? | show 🗑
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What are the differences between simple stains and differential stains | show 🗑
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How do gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria appear under the microscope | show 🗑
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What important microbe is detected by acid-fast staining | show 🗑
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show | negative
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show | enlarge flagella by coating outside then staining
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show | negative staining
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show | Magnify the image 10X.
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body tube | show 🗑
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show | Supports the upper part of the microscope. Use this and the base to carry the microscope.
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nosepiece | show 🗑
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objective lens | show 🗑
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show | Holds the slide securely in place on the stage.
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Mechanical stage | show 🗑
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condensor | show 🗑
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show | closes and opens the diaphragm
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show | Provides the light that will pass through the slide
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fine focus adjustment knob | show 🗑
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coarse focus adjustment knob | show 🗑
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show | Flat surface that rests on the table.
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show | cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA
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Which structures do most bacterial cells have | show 🗑
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show | outer membrane
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How large is a typical bacterium | show 🗑
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What are the principal bacterial shapes (hint – there are three) and what names do we use to designate them | show 🗑
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show | due to individual vaiations in cell wall structure caused by nutritional or slight genetic differences
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show | pleomorphic
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What is a flagellum | show 🗑
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Describe the motion of the flagellum | show 🗑
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show | Monotrichous (single) lophotrichous (small bunches same site)
smphitrichous ( both poles)
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What are running and tumbling | show 🗑
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show | movement of bacteria in response to chemical signals.
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show | spirichete (spiral/ corkscrew shape)
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Which organisms have them flagalla? What type of motion do they produce? | show 🗑
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show | fimbriae: Small, bristle-like fibers sprouting off the surface of many bacterial cells.
Pilus – Long rigid, tubular structure made of a special protein ‘Pilin’.
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What are nanotubes/nano wires? What is their function? | show 🗑
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show | slime layer
capsule
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show | made by bacteria, epithelia, and other cells
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What roles can the glycocalyx serve? | show 🗑
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What substance makes up the bacterial cell wall? | show 🗑
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show | peptidoglycan
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show | disrupts its integrity
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Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative cells. What features does each one have that the other one lacks? | show 🗑
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show | gram negative
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What medical effect does lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have? | show 🗑
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show | cystal violet dye, then iodine solution, a decolorizer, the counterstain.. skipped then it will be purple
skipped may not get correct result
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What are some options for atypical cell walls in bacteria and other prokaryotes? | show 🗑
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What are the main components of the plasma/cytoplasmic membrane? What is its function and how does it accomplish this? | show 🗑
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What is the difference between a chromosome and a plasmid? | show 🗑
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What shape is the bacterial chromosome? where is it found? | show 🗑
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show | protein synthesis
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What designation is used for prokaryotic ribosomes? | show 🗑
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What designation is used for eukaryotic ribosomes? | show 🗑
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What are the differences between an endospore and a vegetative cell? | show 🗑
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show | survive extreme conditions
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Under what conditions do endospores form? | show 🗑
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What transforms them back into vegetative cells? | show 🗑
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show | disease causing ability they can be pathogens
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show | bacteria are found everywhere
archaea found in unusual environments
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Why are prokaryotes difficult to classify? | show 🗑
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How do we account for variations in a species when classifying prokaryotes? | show 🗑
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show | common ancestor is nether eu or pro
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How have eukaryotic organisms changed over time? | show 🗑
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show | a large host cell & bacteria could become dependent on one another for survival, resulting in a permanent relationship. Over millions of yrs of evolution, mitochondria & chloroplasts have become more specialized & today they cannot live outside the cell.
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show | unikonts
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How are eukaryotic flagella different from prokaryotic flagella? | show 🗑
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Describe the structure and function of cilia. | show 🗑
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What are the differences between cilia and flagella? | show 🗑
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What are the functions of a eukaryotic glycocalyx? | show 🗑
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Which eukaryotic groups have cell walls and which do not? | show 🗑
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What are fungal cell walls made of? | show 🗑
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Describe the general structure of the cytoplasmic membrane. What is its function? | show 🗑
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show | Long thread like cells found in the bodies of filamentous fungi or molds
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How does hyphae relate to pseudohyphae? | show 🗑
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show | yeast-Round oval shaped and undergoes asexual reproduction
mold- multicellular sexual or asexual
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show | dimorphic
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show | causes harms to humans
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What are the active and inactive stages of a protozoan? | show 🗑
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show | resistant to heat and drying chemicals
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Why are cysts clinically relevant? | show 🗑
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What are the major groups of protozoans based on motility? | show 🗑
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show | flatworms and round worms
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show | egg, larva, adult.
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show | the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
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show | a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell
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define golgi apparatus | show 🗑
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show | an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
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describe mitrochondria | show 🗑
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chloroplasts | show 🗑
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show | They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
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show | a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
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When did eukaryotic cells first appear? | show 🗑
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show | purple
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show | differential
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fungal had | show 🗑
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show | round shaped
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show | coccus, rod, bacillus or spiral
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show | oval shape
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show | molecule that must include at least both carbon and hydrogen
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what is an inorganic molecule | show 🗑
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show |
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