Cerebellar and extra-pyramidal disorders
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| Ataxia | Delayed initiation of movement---Errors in range and force of movement---Errors in rate and regularity of movement---Poor coordination of agonist and antagonist mm groups---wide based gait with little arm movement---fall on side of lesion (cerebellar)
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| Dysmetria | ROM disorder where target is not reached initially. Hypermetria (too much) hypometria (too short).
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| Dyssynergia | Voluteer movements appear jerky
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| Rebound phenomenon of Holmes | Lack of check reflex where pt cannot stop a motion quickly.
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| Nystagmus | Interferes with head control and fine adjustments required for balance.
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| Extra-pyramidal disorders | characterized by hypokinesia or hyperkinesia
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| Chorea | irregular, purposeless, involuntary, coarse, quick, jerky, dysrhymic movements. (Seen in tardive dyskinesia and Huntington's disease)
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| Tardive dyskinesia | usually by neuroleptic drug use.
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| Huntington Disease | Inherited, autosomal dominant disease. Ataxic gait and choreatic movements. Later will develop rigidity.
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| Athetoid Movements | slow, wormlike, arrhythmic movements.
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