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on it to display the answer.
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| Components of the Humerus include: | Humoral head, greater tubercle, leader tubercle, bicipital groove, deltoid tuberosity
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| What compresses the humeral head | Supraspinatus muscle
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| What depresses the humeral head during overhead motion | Rotator cuff muscles
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| Muscles of the Rotator Cuff | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres Minor
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| Initial 30° of GH ABD that does not include scapular motion is called what? | The setting phase
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| After the initial 30° of GH ABD, what is the ratio between GH and scapulothoracic joint motion? | 2:1
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| Movement of the scapula relative to the humerus is called what? | Scapulohumeral Rhythm
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| FOOSH, fall on tip of shoulder or direct impact, occurs primarily in middle third (Greenstick in young patients) | Etiology of Clavicular Fractures
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| Presents w/ supporting of arm, head tilted towards injured side w/ chin turned away, clavicle May appear lower, palpation reveals swelling, deformity, and point tenderness, sling & swathe w/ brace for 6-8 wks to manage | S & S of Clavicular Fractures
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| Result of direct impact or force transmitted up thru humerus | Etiology of Scapular Fractures
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| Pain during shoulder movement, swelling, and point tenderness | S & S of Scapular Fractures
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| Result of direct blow or FOOSH (shaft); direct blow, dislocation, FOOSH, or indirect blow traveling along long axis (proximal) - may pose danger to nerve & blood supply | Etiology of Humeral Fractures
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| Main Vascular Arteries of Shoulder | Subclavian, Axillary, Brachial
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| Immediate application of splint, treat for shock, and refer | Management of Humeral Fractures
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| Humeral Shaft Fracture - remove from activity for? | 3-4 months
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| Proximal Humeral Fracture - incapacitation for? | 2-6 months
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| Epiphyses Humeral Fracture - quick healing takes how long? | 3 weeks
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| Indirect force, blunt trauma (may cause displacement) | Etiology of a Sternoclavicular Sprain
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| Grade I - pn & slight disability; Grade II - pn, subluxation w/ deformity, swelling, point tenderness, decreased ROM; Grade III - gross deformity (dislocation), pn, swelling, decreased ROM, possibly life threatening if dislocated posteriorly | S & S of Sternoclavicular Sprain
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| Result of direct blow (from any direction), upward force from humerus | Etiology of an Acromioclavicular Sprain
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| Grades I - VI from pn w/ mvmt & point tenderness to displacement of clavicle behind coracobrachialis | S & S of an Acromioclavicular sprain
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| Excessive translation of humeral head w/out complete separation from joint | Etiology of Acute Shoulder Subluxation
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| Anterior - result of ant force on shoulder, forced ABD & ER; Posterior - result of forced ADD & IR or falling on a shoulder that is ext & IR | Etiology of Acute Shoulder Dislocations
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| Flattened Deltoid, prominent humeral head in axilla; arm carried in slight ABD &ER; mod pn & disability | S & S of Anterior-Inferior Shoulder Dislocation
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| Permanent anterior defect of shoulder labrum | Bankart Lesion
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| Caused by compression of cancellous bone against anterior glenoid rim creating a divot in the humeral head | Hill Sachs Lesion
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| Defect in superior labrum that begins posteriorly and extends anteriorly impacting attachment of long head of biceps on labrum | SLAP Lesion (superior labral anterior posterior)
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| Clicking or pain; dead arm during cocking phase (when throwing); pain posteriorly, possible impingement; positive apprehension test | S & S of Anterior Shoulder Instability
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| Possible impingement; loss of IR; crepitation; increased laxity; pain anteriorly & posteriorly | S & S of Posterior Shoulder Instability
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| Inferior laxity; positive sulcus sign; pain and clicking w/ arm at side | S & S of Multidirectional Shoulder Instability
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| Treatment for chronic instability involves extensive strengthening of what? (Multi-directional too) | Rotator cuff & scap stabilizers; multi - IR, ER, & biceps
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| Mechanical compression of supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and biceps long head tendon due to decreased space under CA arch; rep activities; exacerbating factors - laxity & inflam, postural malalignments (kyphosis, rounded shoulders) | Etiology of Shoulder Impingement
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| Diffuse pain, pn on subacromial space; increased GH ER (ERG) and decreased IR (GIRD) in overhead athletes | S & S of Shoulder Impingement
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| Occurs near insertion in greater tuberosity; partial or complete tear; primary mechanism - acute trauma or impingement; involve supraspinatus or rupture of other rotator cuff tendons; Neer Stages I - IV | Rotator Cuff Tear
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| Abnormal movement of of the scapula, due to rep use (often OH athletes), changes are detrimental to normal function & increase risk of injury; SICK scapula | Etiology of Scapular Dyskinesis
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| What does SICK scapula stand for? | Scapular malposition, Inferior medial scapular winging, Coracoid tenderness, Kinesis abnormalities if the scapula
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| Affected shoulder held lower & rolled fwd; prominent inf scap border due to tight pec major/minor, weak serratus anterior/low trap; post tipping contribute to narrowing of subacromial space & pn w/ ABD & ER; winging becomes more pronounced w/ fatigue (imp | S & S of Scapular Dyskinesis
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| Chronic inflammatory condition due to trauma or overuse - subacromial bursa; fibrosis, fluid build-up resulting in constant inflammation | Shoulder Bursitis
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| Contracted & thickened jt capsule w/ little synovial fluid, chronic inflammation w/ contracted inelastic rotator cuff muscles, generalized pain w/ motions (active & passive) resulting in resistance of mvmt | Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)
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| Compression of brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and vein due to: 1) decreased space b/n clavicle & 1st rib 2) scalene compression 3) compression by pec minor 4) presence of cervical rib | Etiology of Thoracic Outlet Compression
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| Paresthesia and pain, sensation of cold, impaired circulation, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy & radial nerve palsy | S & S of Thoracic Outlet Compression
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| Result of a powerful contraction, occurs near origin of muscle at bicipital groove, hear snap & feel sudden intense pain | Biceps Brachii Rupture
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| Repetitive OH ballistic activity that stretches biceps tendon causing irritation to tendon & sheath | Etiology of BicipitalTenosynovitis
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| Tenderness over bicipital groove, swelling, crepitus due to inflammation, pain with OH activities | S & S of Bicipital Tenosynovitis
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| Blunt trauma or stretch-type injury; constant pain, muscle weakness, and paralysis or atrophy | Peripheral Nerve Injuries
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