AST Cert Exam #6
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| Which clip is used for scalp hemostasis in cranial procedures? | Raney
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| The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is: | cryosurgery
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| In severe aortic stenosis, all of the following are indications of valve replacement except: myocardial ischemia; left ventricle hypertrophy; palpitations; angina | palpitations
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| In the event that a child requires emergency surgery, but the parents cannot be located to sign the surgical consent: | consent is signed by two consulting physicians
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| EtO sterilizations destroys microbes by the process of: | alkylation - interferes with protein metabolism
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| What is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm? | artherosclerosis
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| What is used to determine the position of cannulated screws during repair of a femoral neck fracture? | guide pins
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| Prior to being placed in the EtO sterilizer, items must: | be completely dry
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| During general anesthesia induction, which sense is the last to be experienced by the patient? | hearing
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| The purpose of creating an AV fistula is for: | hemodialysis
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| What nerve is at greatest risk during a thyroidectomy? | recurrent laryngeal
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| Which nerve could be compressed against the humerus in the prone position? | radial
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| What is the surgical procedure for reducing testosterone in prostate cancer? | orchiectomy
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| If the broth in the steam sterilization biological indicator is yellow after incubation, what action should be taken? | items must be immediately recalled
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| A specimen that is 5 cm is equal to: | 2 inches
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| Which vessel arises from the right ventricle of the heart? | pulmonary artery
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| Which area is prepped first when performing the skin prep for a skin grafting procedure? | donor site
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| Which has legal significance in the mishandling of a bullet? | damaging ballistic markings
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| Which procedure requires preoperative high-level disinfection of the endoscope? | bronchoscopy
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| What maintains the position of the uterus? | broad ligament
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| What device would the surgeon use to preserve facial motor and sensory functions during a parotidectomy? | nerve stimulator
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| If the surgeon uses a knife blade to incise the oral mucosa, the preferred blade is: | #12
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| The gravity steam sterilization process can be rendered ineffective if the: | temperate is below 250 deg. F
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| A suture used to retract a structure to the side of the operative field is a: | traction suture
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| What must the circulating surgical technologist do when placing the patient in the supine position? | confirm ankles are not crossed
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| What body system aids in the metastatic spread of cancer cells? | lymphatic
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| Which is inserted into the tympanic membrane incision during a myringotomy? | PE tube - pressure equalization
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| Which organelle contains digestive juices? | lysosome
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| During a thyroidectomy, if all parathyroid glands are accidentally removed, what complication will occur? | tetany
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| Which surgical instrument is used to retract the lung? | Allison - atraumatic/lung
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| Which instrument would be used to remove nasal polyps? | Krause nasal snare
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| What anatomical structure is Mersilene tape sutured around during a cerclage? | cervix
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| What does the suffix -ectomy mean? | excision
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| What would the pre-op Dx be for an infant undergoing craniectomy? | craniosynostosis
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| Where is the anterior chamber of the eye located? | posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris
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| What would contraindicate pre-op setting up of the cell saver machine? | patient has cancer
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| Which medication is contraindicated for patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? | succinylcholine
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| Which is an incision into the tympanic membrane for the removal of accumulated fluid? | myringotomy
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| What is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? | safety belt is placed below the knees
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| A tissue specimen being sent to pathology for a frozen section is prepared by placing it into a: | container without preservative
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| The body's first line of defense against infection is: | intact skin
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| What stapling device would be used to create an anastomosis during a low anterior resection? | EEA
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| Packing material would be placed as a dressing after surgery on the: | rectum
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| What is the lining of the thoracic cavity? | pleura
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| What is the proper method for removing the knife blade from the handle when breaking down the Mayo stand? | use a heavy hemostat or needle holder
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| What route of drug administration is parenteral? | intravenous
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| The vascular, fibrous covering of bone is the: | periosteum
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| What type of dressing would usually be used for a laparotomy procedure? | pressure
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| To prevent DVT in the bariatric patient, what pre-op drug is given? | heparin
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| Which space is entered during a thymectomy? | mediastinum - between sternum and aorta
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| Femoral rasps are used for what reason? | file the cortical bone
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| Which is part of the immune system? | spleen
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| What incision is frequently used for pediatric aortic coarctation repair? | posterolateral thoracotomy
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| Type and cross-match for blood is completed: | if blood loss with replacement is anticipated
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| The purpose of the kidney elevator is to: | increase the space between the lower rib and iliac crest
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| When storing information on the hard drive of a computer, what is clicked? | save
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| Which is the proper method for handling disposable suction containers when turning over an OR? | wipe down outside of container and place in biohazard bag for disposal
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| Which can cause lumbosacral strain in the lithotomy position? | buttocks extend past table break
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| A midline xiphoid to pubis incision is commonly made for an: | abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy
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| Which item should the CST confirm is available for a nerve repair? | Loupes
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| How often should biological testing of EtO sterilization be conducted? | every load
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| What is a liquid chemical sterilant often used for sterilizing endoscopes with a cycle time of 30 minutes? | peracetic acid
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| When should the first closing sponge, sharp and instrument count be completed? | prior to closure of body cavity
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| Which skin prep is contraindicated for use around eyes and ears because of potential for corneal abrasions and ototoxicity? | chlorhexidine
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| A short-acting narcotic opioid given IM for pre-op sedation is: | meperidine
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| The leg extensor muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and vastus intermedius are collectively called the: | quadriceps femoris
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| What is not a retractor used during a prostatectomy? | Harrington
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| What does the term -scopy mean? | viewing
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| How many minutes should a Frazier suction tip be immediate-use sterilized in a gravity steam sterilizer? | 10 minutes
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| Which pre-op procedures should be completed for the diabetic patient? | antiembolic stockings placed on patient
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| Induced hypothermia is typically associated with which surgical specialty? | cardiothoracic
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| What block involves medication being injected into the subarachnoid space? | spinal
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| Which conditions may require use of a Silastic urethral catheter? | latex allergy
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| A patient receives pre-op instructions to remove nail polish to: | prevent pulse oximeter malfunction
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| How often should the steam sterilizing machine's strainer be cleaned? | daily
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| What is the smallest microorganism that requires a host cell for replication? | virus
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| Which surgeon might provide the operative exposure for the neurosurgeon in a transsphenoidal approach to the sella turcica? | otohinolaryngologist - ENT
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| An intraoperative mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is: | laser plume
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| What type of solution is recommended for cleaning the OR floors during room turnover? | detergent-disinfection
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| Which is used to remove resected prostatic tissue during a TURP? | Ellik
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| A patient is instructed to be NPO for 8 hours prior to surgery to prevent: | aspiration - vomiting
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| The essential element of hemoglobin is: | iron
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| A large, bony process found on the femur is a: | trochanter
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| Which incision would be performed for repair of a liver laceration? | midline
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| Just before the surgeon makes the skin incision, what must be performed? | time-out
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| A pulse rate of pregnant patients: | increases
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| Which portion of the stomach is superior to the esophageal sphincter? | fundus
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| A linen pack to be steam sterilized must not weigh more than: | 12 lbs
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| The closing sponge count should be initiated at the: | operative field
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| During what procedure is it imperative that the CST maintain the sterility of the backtable and Mayo stand until the patient is transported out of the OR? | tonsillectomy
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| Which statement concerning peel-packs is correct? | when labeling with felt-tip marker write on the plastic side
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| What two structures are identified and ligated during a cholecystectomy? | cystic artery and cystic duct
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| What is the primary responsibility of the first scrub CST during a cardiac arrest in the OR? | protect the sterile field
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| What does pneumonectomy mean? | removal of a lung
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| How many hours must the steam biological indicator be incubated before recording the results? | 24 hours
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| Which is responsible for causing transmission of spongiform encephalopathy? | prion
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| The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the: | isthmus
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| A sustained contraction produced by rapid stimuli is called: | tetany
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| What type of heart rate does tachycardia describe? | fast
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| Which would be the least likely complication of suprapubic prostatectomy? | acute phlebitis
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| When is the surgical consent typically signed? | before pre-op medications are administered
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| Which is the order for post-op case management? | remove drapes; preserve sterile field until patient leaves OR; remove gown and gloves; don non-sterile gloves to break down backtable
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| What type of needle is used when suturing the skin? | reverse cutting - flat edge
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| Which ultrasonic device can be used intraoperatively to assess the patency of arterial blood flow? | Doppler probe
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| The area of the brain that controls respiration is the: | medulla oblongata
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| Which factors is used to determine the inflation pressure of a tourniquet? | patient's age
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| Which describes the time from incision to the dressing application? | intraoperative
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| At the end of a procedure, and after the patient has been transported out of the OR, the CST should remove the: | gown
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| What is considered the operative stage of anesthesia? | third
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| When performing the surgical scrub, the hands and arms are considered: | surgically clean
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| Which is an obstetric complication resulting from overstimulation of the clotting process? | disseminated intravascular coagulation
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| What does the term "symbiosis" mean? | relationship between unlike species of organisms
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| Which statement is true concerning cleaning OR walls between procedures? | clean areas of wall splashed with blood or debris
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| Which anatomical structure is removed during a total hip arthroplasty? | femoral head
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| What controls the arrow on your monitor? | mouse
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| Wound dressings should be opened: | after last count is completed
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| A stent may be placed to identify the ureter during what procedure? | right colectomy
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| A rapid-onset muscle relaxant used for intubation is: | Anectine - succinylcholine
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| A general consent form authorizes: | routine medical treatment
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| Which must be completed pre-op if a patient underwent a barium study the day of surgery? | enema
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| Which suture is contraindicated in the presence of infection? | silk
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| When the CST is breaking down the backtable, instruments with ratchets should be: | placed in a basin with enzymatic solution in open position for transport to decontamination
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| The cup-like extensions of the renal pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are: | calyces
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| What is a type of one-layer dressing? | steri-strips
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| Braided nonabsorbable sutures should not be used in infected wounds because suture crevices: | can harbor bacteria that travel length of suture
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| What post-op complication can result from excess or prolonged plantar flexion? | foot drop
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| What immediate post-op complication most often occurs with pediatric patients? | airway difficulty
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| Another name for corneal transplant procedure is: | keratoplasty
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| Fertilization normally occurs in the: | fallopian tube
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| The inner layer of an artery is the: | intima
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| Which laser can be used on light and dark tissues? | CO2 - water; no effect on color
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| What implant is used for individuals with sensorineural deafness? | cochlear implant
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| Splenectomy places the patient at an increased risk for: | infection
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| In the presence of infection, the absorption rate of surgical gut is: | increased
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| Dark blood in the sterile field could indicate? | hypoxia
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| Which instrument will the surgeon use to free the entrapped orbital fat during repair of an orbital floor fracture? | Freer
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| A urinary tract infection, following a cystoscopy, is an example of what type of infection? | Healthcare-associated infection
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| Which is a type of meniscal tear? | bucket handle
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| Which surgical procedure may require a suprapubic catheter to drain the urinary bladder? | prostatectomy
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| Which microorganism is least likely to be associated with wound infections? | Treponema pallidum - syphilis
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| Liquid agents used to reduce microorganisms on the patient's skin are: | antiseptics
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| Which closed wound drainage device requires being connected to a bulb evacuator? | Jackson-Pratt
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| What term refers to items remaining sterile indefinitely until the wrapping is compromised? | event-related sterility
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| Which vein would be harvested during a CABG? | saphenous
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| When incubated, the EtO biological indicator can be read after: | 24 hours
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| The structure that facilitates the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother is the: | placenta
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| When helping to turn over an OR between patients, the CST should: | use a clean mop head
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| Vitrectomy is the removal of the: | gel from the eye
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| When using EtO sterilization, the recommended aeration time for an aerator set at 140 deg. F is: | 8 hours
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| Where should the biological indicator test be placed on the steam sterilizer cart? | bottom, front - coldest part
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| Which vessel empties into the right atrium? | SVC
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| Knife blades should be loaded onto the handle with: | needle holder
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| Which vitamins is essential for the clotting process? | vitamin K
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| From where do most intracranial aneurysms arise? | Circle of Willis
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| Which type of equipment would require pre-op draping by the CST? | C-arm
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| What dietary substance enhances the production of collagen? | protein
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| The normal range of intra-op pressure for the insufflator during a laparoscopy is: | 12-15 mm Hg
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| Where should the EtO biological indicator be placed in the load? | center
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| What is the proper way to remove a patient from the lithotomy position? | lower legs together slowly in unison
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| What procedure should the first scrub CST set up for when a female patient is undergoing a repair for a cystocele and rectocele? | anterior and posterior colporrhaphy
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| Which vein drains into the small intestine? | hepatic portal
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| What specialized retractor is used during a rotator cuff repair? | Bankart
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| The concave notch of the kidney through which the ureter exits is the: | hilum
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| The large artery found posterior to the knee is the: | popliteal
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| Proper placement of the Foley catheter is confirmed prior to balloon inflation by what? | urine flowing out of catheter
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| Which portion of the small intestine joints to the large intestine? | ileum
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| Which tank would be brought into the OR if a CST is preparing an oscillating saw? | compressed nitrogen
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