AST Cert Exam #5
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| What is used to retract the spermatic cord during an inguinal herniorraphy? | penrose drain
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| Why is an indwelling Foley catheter placed prior to a hysterectomy? | avoid injury to bladder
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| Which scissors is the best choice for extending an arterial incision? | Potts-Smith
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| What is used to stain the cervix for a Schiller's test? | Lugol's solution
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| Which arises from the left ventricle of the heart? | ascending aorta
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| What method is used to confirm that items have been exposed to the sterilization process, but sterility is not guaranteed? | chemical
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| Why would the hair of a patient undergoing craniotomy be bagged, labeled and saved? | it is patient property
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| When preparing a double basin for sterilization the: | basins should be separated by a porous, absorbent towel
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| Which structure, during a total hip arthroplasty, requires intramedullary reaming prior to placement of a prosthesis? | femoral canal
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| Which of the following is the least restrictive form of credentialing? | registration
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| What drug classification is Demerol? | analgesic - to relieve pain
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| What should be transported to the PACU with a patient who underwent a thyroidectomy? | tracheotomy tray
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| What is the chemical abbreviation for sodium chloride? | NaCl
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| Which organelle is responsible for packaging of proteins? | golgi complex
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| What types of treatment does a patient authorize when signing a general consent form? | all routine treatments or procedures
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| Which medication can be used as a topical jelly during cystoscopy procedures? | Xylocaine
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| What is a primary postoperative complication of carotid endartectomy? | stroke
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| When is it acceptable to open surgical dressing sponges? | after final count
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| What is the correct procedure to follow when a sterilized rigid instrument container is opened and condensation is observed? | don't use; return to SPD
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| Which method of sterilization requires an aeration cycle? | EtO
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| Elevated IOP in a glaucoma patient is a result of excess: | aqueous humor
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| Where should the grounding pad be placed on a patient undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy who has a right hip prosthesis? | left anterior thigh
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| The Trandelenburg position is often used for surgery on the: | lower abdomen and pelvis
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| The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the: | subclavian
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| Lesions in which part of the brain may affect balance and coordination? | cerebellum
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| Which sterilization method utilizes the process of cavitation? | ultrasonic cleaner
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| What is the name for a dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius? | Colles'
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| Which ligament is transected during surgery for De Quervain's disease? | dorsal carpal
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| In order to minimize mucosal irritation during urinary catheterization, the tip of the catheter is dipped into what? | K-Y jelly
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| How often is a medication prescribed as QID to be taken per day? | 4 times per day
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| What type of external dressing would be used to eliminate dead space? | pressure
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| In the prone position, patients are placed on chest rolls to prevent: | compromised ventilation
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| What position would be used for a LAVH? | lithotomy
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| A left subcostal incision would be used to expose the: | spleen
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| Intraoperatively, lidocaine with epinephrine may be contraindicated in patients who are: | hypertensive
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| What approach is used for the removal of a small acoustic neuroma that is located in the internal auditory canal? | middle fossa
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| What must be obtained from a patient undergoing surgical procedures, fertility treatments, chemotherapy or experimental treatment? | special written consent
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| What drug is used to treat hypotension and shock? | Levophed - norepinephrine
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| The agent used to expand blood plasma volume is: | Dextran
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| What does the term chole/ refer to? | bile
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| When preparing instruments for sterilization, all are completed with the exception of: | lining the tray with a nonwoven disposable wrapper
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| Which is an initial incision for abdominoplasty? | low transverse
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| When performing a rhinoplasty, the exostosis in the nose is removed with a: | chisel
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| Which type of sterilization requires the use of the Bowie-Dick test? | prevacuum steam
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| What is the first federal act to establish patient privacy standards? | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
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| What should the surgical technologist wear when transporting a patient with tuberculosis from PACU to the isolation patient room? | respirator
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| How is the informed consent signed if a patient is illiterate? | patient marks an "x"
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| What agent should not be used to disinfect endoscopes? | isopropyl alcohol
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| What is used to expose the meatus during urethral catheterization? | non-dominant hand
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| What is the second phase of wound healing? | proliferation
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| What muscle is commonly used for TRAM reconstruction in a mammoplasty? | rectus abdominis
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| The patient is never positioned until the: | anesthesia provider gives permission
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| What term refers to cell "drinking"? | pinocytosis
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| What does hypertension mean? | high blood pressure
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| What type of fire extinguisher should be available when using a laser? | halon
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| What is the major side effect of thrombolytics? | hemorrhage
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| If a sterile glove becomes contaminated during a procedure, what action should the surgical technologist take? | circulator pulls off glove covering hand with gown cuff; ST regloves using closed technique
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| What type of suture technique is used to invert the stump of the appendix during an appendectomy? | purse-string
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| What is the proper procedure for removing a laparotomy drape? | ST holds dressing in place; rolls drape head to feet
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| Gerota's fascia is located: | around the kidney
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| What activity can aggravate the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia? | chewing
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| What is the purpose of maintaining 20% to 60% relative humidity in the OR? | decrease static electricity
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| What surgical instrument is used to thread the drilled hold for the screw during ORIF? | tap
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| What pathology would be treated by transphenoidal hypophysectomy procedure? | pituitary neoplasm
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| The muscles that cause strabismus are the: | extrinsic
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| What is the minimum number of people to transfer a patient from the OR table to the stretcher? | 4
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| When used as a skin prep, which of the following should be allowed to thoroughly dry if electrocautery will be used? | alcohol and tinctures
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| Healthcare-acquired infections are most commonly associated with what device? | use of urinary catheters
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| What is the technical term for robotic arms? | manipulator
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| In what procedure would the surgeon check for anastomotic leaks by injecting air into the rectum, looking for bubbles in the fluid-filled peritoneal cavity? | low anterior resection
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| What are varicosities of the rectum and anus? | hemorrhoids
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| Vitamins A, D, E and K are absorbed in the: | intestine
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| The preoperative exsanguination of an extremity prior to inflating a tourniquet is accomplished with: | esmarch
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| What vessel is harvested for use during a CABG? | internal mammary artery
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| What retractor would be used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning? | Bennett
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| The surgical reanastomosis of the vas deferens is called a: | vasovasostomy
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| Which type of laser is used to remove polymethyl methacrylate from a cemented joint implant during a revision arthroplasty? | CO2
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| Sound waves travel through the external auditory canal and strike the: | tympanic membrane
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| In large abdominal wounds that require frequent dressing changes, what will minimize the skin break-down? | Montgomery straps
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| What positioning device would be used for a LAVH? | Allen stirrups
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| The term mentoplasty refers to surgery of the: | chin
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| What situation could cause a patient's signature on a surgical informed consent to be challenged in court? | patient received preoperative medications
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| What is the importance of humidity when using EtO sterilization? | hydrate spores and bacteria
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| What is the purpose of PMMA during a cranioplasty? | filling cranial defects
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| The appropriate location when placing the grounding pad is over a: | fleshy area
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| Which catheter is used for an angioplasty? | Fogarty
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| A hernia that presents through Hasselbach's triangle is a: | direct
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| The medial malleolus is part of which bone? | tibia
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| What is performed prior to implantation of a Dacron knit polyester graft? | preclotting
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| What structure articulates with the head of the femur? | acetabulum
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| An abnormal bending backward of the uterus is called: | retroflexion
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| What type of clip is a Raney? | scalp
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| The ciliary body is part of which layer of the eye? | vascular
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| Which drug is a miotic? | pilocarpine
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| What is a violation of Standard Precautions during postoperative case management? | retrieve reusable trocar from sharps container
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| Which type of monitoring equipment is a noninvasive assessment of oxygen saturation of arterial blood? | pulse oximetry
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| How are femoral shaft fractures in an adult repaired? | intramedullary nailing
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| What instrument would be used to dilate the male urethra? | Van Buren
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| To determine the process for preparing surgical instruments for use on tissue and within a body cavity, they are classified as: | critical
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| The Harrington retractor allows for gentle elevation of which anatomical structure? | liver
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| What is the term for the division of a reproductive cell into two cells with chromosome cells? | meiosis
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| What does the term dys- mean? | difficult
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| After the patient is extubated, which device is often used to maintain the airway around the relaxed tongue? | oropharyngeal airway
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| Which accelerates the coagulation cascade? | topical thrombin
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| Which breast procedure describes a mastectomy? | surgical removal
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| What is done to the common bile duct during a choledochojejunostomy? | anastomosed
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| In what procedure would a tourniquet be unnecessary? hip arthroplasty; knee arthroplasty; ankle fracture; ORIF radius | hip arthroplasty
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| Which anatomical site would be prepped last when performing a skin prep for a colostomy reversal procedure? | stoma
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| What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve? | carpal tunnel release
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| What is the proper procedure for turning the sterile gown? | hand tag to circulator; circulator moves around gown
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| What does the term 'os' mean? | opening
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| What is not a function of the trachea? | amplify speech
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| What condition is characterized by the sudden onset of floating spots before the eyes? | retinal detachment
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| One of the most effective germicidals for cold sterilization is: | 2% glutaraldehyde
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| From which laminectomy instrument would intervertebral disc fragments be cleaned? | pituitary
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| Which type of suture is used for vascular reanastomosis? | nonabsorbable monofilament
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| What molecule is broken down when body cells require energy? | ATP
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| Which represents a saddle joint? | thumb and trapezium
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| During an EtO sterilization cycle, humidity is maintained at: | 20-80%
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| An emergency drug given to stabilize ventricular fibrillation is: | isoproterenol
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| Creating a positive-pressure air supply for each OR will: | minimize airborne bacteria entering room
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| Which is an acceptable antiseptic solution for a skin prep? | povidone-iodine
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| During a total hip arthroplasty, which instrument is used after intramedullary reaming to reshape the proximal femoral canal? | rasp
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| Which assesses the electrical activity of the nervous system? | electroencephalogram
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| The functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing waste and regulating fluid is the: | nephron
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| Which of the following is an intermediate-level disinfectant? | isopropyl alcohol
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| Which vein of an infant patient is a central venous catheter inserted? | external jugular
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| After the patient leaves the OR, the reusable items should be taken to the decontamination room: | inside a closed case cart
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| A clamp used for occluding a peripheral vessel is: | DeBakey
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| During a total hip arthroplasty, which type of device prevents PMMA from filling the medullary canal distal to the prosthesis? | restrictor
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| Which is proper technique when applying a grounding pad? | avoid placing pad on buttocks
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| Which sutures are packaged in alcohol to maintain pliability? | natural absorbable
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| What procedure should be followed for securing consent for surgery for an unconscious patient requiring emergency surgery whose family members or guardian cannot be contacted? | two consulting physicians agree
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| What gynecologic procedure includes removal of the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum? | pelvic exenteration
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| Isopropyl alcohol is bactericidal, which means it: | kills bacteria
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| Use of a one-step applicator with little or no pressure on skin would be indicated in which of the following conditions? | abdominal aortic aneurysm
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| A postoperative anesthesia complication when extubating a patient is: | laryngospasm
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| The process by which glucose is stored as glycogen is: | glycogenesis
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| The large, leaf-shaped laryngeal cartilage that acts as a "trap door" over the larynx is the: | epiglottis
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| Use of Van Buren sounds might be necessary for urethral catheterization in patients presenting what condition? | urethral stricture
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| The four fluid-filled spaces of the brain are: | ventricles
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| For which surgical procedure would bupivicaine with epinephrine be contraindicated? | trigger finger release
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| What term describes an individual who harbors a pathogen but displays no signs or symptoms? | carrier
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| Which procedure is performed before completing an ileal conduit? | cystectomy
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| Which is the recommended postoperative handling of reusable instruments used on a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? | place in biohazard bag and destroy
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| In what anatomical structure would a T- tube most likely be placed? | common bile duct
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| What type of procedure is performed to treat tumors of the pituitary gland? | transsphenoidal hypophysectomy
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| What would be an inappropriate manner for the handling of surgical specimens? | frozen sections are sent to pathology on a raytec sponge
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| Which instrument would be used during a suprapubic prostatectomy? | bladder retractor
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| A tumescent solution is used in what procedure? | suction lipectomy
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| What is a type of non-retaining catheter? | whistle
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| The walls of the vagina are lined with: | mucosa
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| Which drug counteracts metabolic acidosis? | sodium bicarbonate
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| Which wound classifications would be assigned to a compound fracture? | contaminated
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| Which type of dye is used intravenously to verify patency of the fallopian tubes during a pelvic procedure? | methylene blue
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| Pneumoperitoneum is utilized during a laparoscopy to do what? | create safe working space
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| What is the required pressure for a steam sterilizer set at a temperature of 250 degrees F? | 15-17 PSI
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| What is the most commonly used thermal method of hemostasis in cranial neurosurgery? | bipolar electrosurgery
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| A wrapped instrument set that will be run in the steam prevacuum sterilizer at 270 degrees F must be sterilized for a minimum of: | 4 minutes
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| A patient that has sudden onset of shortness of breath in the PACU may indicate: | pulmonary embolism
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| Which sutures is a nonabsorbable monofilament frequently used in vascular surgery? | polypropylene
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| Which defines anaerobic? | without oxygen
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| Which nerve in the lower leg must be protected from pressure when placing the patient in lithotomy position? | Peroneal
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| Exophthalmos due to Grave's disease is associated with which gland? | thyroid
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| Where should the Foley indwelling catheter drainage bag be positioned after insertion of the catheter? | lower than the level of the bladder
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| The sutures of the adult skull are examples of: | synarthroses
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| A ventilation system that provides a unidirectional positive-pressure air flow at a high air exchange rate in the OR is: | laminar air flow
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| Catabolism of fats produce: | ketone bodies
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| What is the principle reason for performing a preoperative skin prep? | remove transient flora and reduce resident flora
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| What is the part of the brain that is responsible for controlling the body's temperature? | hypothalamus
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