Endocrinology self assesment
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| 3,5,3-triodothyronine is what kind of hormone? | the most potent thyroid hormone
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| A patient with Addison's disease would have what kind of sodium and potassium levels? | low sodium, high potassium
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| Cushing's syndrome is characterized by an excess of what in the blood? | Corticosteroid
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| Free thyroxine assays measure what | only the unbound thyroxine level
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| a patient with Graves' disease would expect the following laboratory serum results T4- FT4- TSH- | T4- increased
FT4- increased
TSH - decreased
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| Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are hormones released by the | posterior pituitary
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| Pheochromocytoma is a benign or malignant tumor arising from what kind of cells | neurochromomaffin cells in the adrenal medulla
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| Pituitary gigantism is associated with the excess of | growth hormone (GH)
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| Pituitary secretion of ACTH is inhibited by elevated levels of | cortisol
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| Primary hypothyroidism can be due to all the following except: pituitary adenoma surgical removal of the thyroid gland damage to the thyroid gland inherited disorder of the thyroid gland | pituitary adenoma
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| primary hypothyroidism may be due to which of the following? damage to the thyroid gland inherited conditions removal or ablation of the thyroid gland all of these | all of these
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| what is the principle estrogen produced by the ovaries and measured to evaluate ovarian function | estradiol
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| Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are decreased in which of the following diseases or conditions? primary hyperthyroidism primary hypothyroidism primary parathyroidism hyperpituitarism | primary hyperthyroidism
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| TSH is secreted by which of the following anterior pituitary posterior pituitary hypothalamus thyroid gland | anterior pituitary
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| Tetraiodothyonine describes which of the following compounds? T4 (thyroxine) T3 MIT Reverse T3 | T4 (thyroxine)
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| The adrenal cortex releases which of the following? corticosteroids mineralosteroids androgens all of these | all of these
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| The principle method used to measure hormone levels in blood in most clinical laboratories is gas chromatography thin layer chromatography electrophoresis immunoassays | immunoassays
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| There is no endrocrine hormone from which of the following chemical classes proteins amino acids steroids glycated hemoglobins | glycated hemoglobins
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| which hormone is not produced by the placenta andrenocoricotropin hormone (ACTH) estriol human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) progesterone | adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)
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| Which metabolite is most often increased in carcinoid tumors? 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) 3-methoxydopamine homovanillic acid | 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA)
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| Which of the following classes of compounds are derived from tyrosine and includes epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine? steroids androgens catecholamines estrogens | catecholamines
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| which of the following does NOT release steroid hormones? ovaries pituitary gland testes adrenal cortex | pituitary gland
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| which of the following hormones is useful in identifying women with ectopic pregnancies or abnormal intrauterine pregnancies? human pituitary gonadotropin human chorionic gonadotropin human luteinizing hormone human progesterone | human chorionic gonadotropin
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| which of the following is not a metabolite of catecholamines? monoiodothyonine methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) homocanillic acid (HMA) | monoiodothyonine
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| which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone? ACTH thyrocalcitonin serotonin glucagon | ACTH
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| which statement below about patients with Addison's disease is true? serum levels of ACTH are high serum levels of cortisol are high adrenal glands produce excessive amounts of testosterone it is not a disease of the adrenal glands | serum levels of ACTH are high
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| A competitive immunoassay includes a patient analyte (antigen), antibody to the analyte (antigen) and what else? | an antigen with a label attached to its structure
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| Affinity is described as what? | The thermodynamic quantity defining the energy of interaction of a single antibody-binding site and its corresponding epitope on the antigen
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| as the concentration of analyte begins to exceed the amount of antibody present, the dose response curve will flatten (plateau) and with further increase may become negatively sloped, this is called? | the hook effect
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| in florescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), the electrons in fluorescein molecules chemically attached to the hapten react in what manner? | they do not fluoresce
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| in fluorescent polarization immunoassay, a high concentration of sample analytes results in what result | increased emission of nonpolarized light
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| monoclonal antibodies are derived from which of the following? a single cell line different cell lines different clones a heterogenous mixture of clones | a single cell line
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| plastic beads, polyclonal gels, and particles coated with iron oxide used in immunoassays are all examples of which of the following? antigen label solid phase material immunogens double antibodies | solid phase material
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| The antibody that binds to hapten-enzyme in the EMIT assay results in which of the following? inhibition of enzyme activity enhancement of enzyme activity facilitation of the enzymes catalytic properties it has no effect on the reaction | inhibition of enzyme activity
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| Which detector label is used in fluorescent polarization immunoassays? fluorescein dioxetane luminol dlucose-6-phosepate dehydrogenase | fluorescein
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| What best describes a procedural difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous immunoassays? | There is no physical separation of bound from free fractions in a homogeneous immunoassay whereas in a heterogeneous immunoassay you must separate bound forms from free forms
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| what best describes haptens? | haptens are substances that are capable of binding an antibody but by themselves cannot stimulate an immune response
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| What is the best example of a chemiluminescent compound? | acridinium
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| Which of the following substances doe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase bind to in the EMIT assay? coenzyme substrate antigen antibody | antigen
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| What best defines antigen? | any material capable of reacting with an antibody without necessarily being capable of inducing antibody formation
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