Microbiology and Infection Prevention
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| microbiology | the study of micro organisms
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| contamination | the state of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious organisms
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| micron | a unit of measure equal to 1/1000 of a millimeter
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| protoplasm | a thick mucous like substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical basis of life found within the cell nucleus
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| nucleus | the functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity
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| phagocytosis | the process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or foreign objects
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| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid. the protein found in the chromosomes of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity
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| spore | micro organism capable of forming a thick wall around itself to survive adverse conditions
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| chlorophyll | a molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight and converts it to energy
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| aerobic | capable of growing in the presence of oxygen, requiring oxygen
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| anaerobic | capable of growing in the absence of oxygen, not requiring oxygen
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| psychrophiles | cold loving bacteria which thrive at temps of 59°–68° f
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| mesophiles | bacteria that grow best at moderate temperatures 68°–113° f,are often pathogenic to humans because they grow best at body temperature
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| thermophiles | bacteria which grow best at 122°–158° f
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| vegetative | vegetative stage state of active growth of micro organisms
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| angstrom | a unit of measure of light
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| binary fission | The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which one cell divides into two
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| MRSA | methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
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| VRE | vancomycin resistant enterococcus
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| viruses | minute infectious agent that only grows in living tissues or cells
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| host | an animal plant or human that supports the growth of micro organisms
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| protozoan | a one celled animal like micro organism of the sub–kingdom protazoa
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| amoeboid movement | the crawling movement of cells
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| causative agent | the micro organism that causes an infectious disease
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| reservoir of agent | the place where an infectious agent can survive
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| carriers | an individual who harbors and disseminates pathogens without having symptoms
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| portal of exit | the path by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir
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| mode of transmission | the method of transfer of an infectious agent from reservoir to a susceptible host
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| portal of entry | the path used by an infectious agent to enter susceptible host
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| susceptible host | a person or animal that lacks the ability to resist infection
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| infection | invasion of human body tissue by micro organisms
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| hand hygiene | the act of washing ones hands with soap and water or an alcohol scrub
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| PPE | personal protective equipment
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| standard precautions | using appropriate barriers to prevent transmission of infectious organisms. assumes every patient blood and body fluids is infectious
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| fomite | an inanimate object that can transmit micro organisms
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| asepsis | the absence of micro organisms that cause disease
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| aseptic technique | activity or procedure that prevents infection or breaks the chain of infection
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| medical asepsis | procedures performed to reduce the number of micro organisms to minimize their spread
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| surgical asepsis | procedures performed to reduce the number of all micro organisms and / or to prevent the introduction of micro organism into an area
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| Gram–stain and Ziehl–Neilson stain | The two most common processes designed to classify bacteria by color changes.
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