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Maintaining blood pressure

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Question
Answer
State the pressure gradients from the aorta to capillaries   60mmHg (90mmHg to 30mmHg)  
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State the pressure gradients across the capillary bed   15mmHg (30mmHg to 15mmHg)  
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State the pressure gradients from the capillaries to the heart   15mmHg (15mmHg to 0mmHg)  
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State the formula for flow   Flow = difference in pressure / resistance  
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Factors affecting blood flow   Sympathetic nerves, hormones and local factors i.e. metabolic and endothelial  
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Factors affecting blood pressure   Blood volume, total peripheral resistance, cardiac output  
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Mean arterial pressure =   diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure  
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Metabolic controls that dilate blood vessels   decrease O2, increase CO2, decrease pH, increase prostaglandins, increased osmolarity, increased nitric oxide  
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Metabolic controls that constrict blood vessels   increase endothelin  
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Nerves that constrict the blood vessels   Sympathetic  
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Hormones that constrict the blood vessels   alpha receptors, ADH, angiotensin II  
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Hormones that dilate the blood vessels   beta receptors, ANP (atria natriuretic peptide)  
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