HELUS: Phys. Sci.: Chapter 9: Acidic and Basic Solutions
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| Matter can be separated into two categories: ______ and mixtures | substances
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| A substance has the same composition and _____ throughout | properties
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| ___ and ____ are substances | elements, compounds
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| A ____ is a combination of two or more substances that can be separated byphysical means. | mixture
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| Substances making up a mixture retain their individual ___ properties | physical
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| Components of mixtures can be separated by taking advantage of differences in their___ properties | physical
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| A ___ mixture is two or more substances that are evenly mixed on the atomic level,but that are not bonded together. | homogeneous
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| A solution is a ___ mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. | homogeneous
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| A solid solution known as an ___ is a mixture of a metal and one or more additionalelements. | alloy
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| In a ___ mixture, the substances are not evenly mixed | heterogeneous
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| ___ is a measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a given volume or massof solvent | Solubility
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| An ___ solution can dissolve more solute at a given temperature, whereas a___ solution cannot. | unsaturated, saturated
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| The ___ of a solution is exactly how much solute can be dissolved in a specific volume of solvent | concentration
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| The concentration of a solution is sometimes expressed in units of ___ per liter. | grams
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| The words concentrated and ___ are approximate ways of describing solutions | dilute
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| A molecule such as water, having a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end, is called a ___ molecule. | polar
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| A simple rule for solubility is “___ dissolves like.” | Like
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| Ions in solution are responsible for the ability of a solution to ___ electricity | conduct
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| An ___ produces ions when it dissolves, whereas a nonelectrolyte does not | electrolyte
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| An acid is a substance that releases a positively charged ___ ion, H+, in water | hydrogen
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| Acids taste ___ and turn blue litmus paper ___. | sour, red
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| The hydrogen ion from an acid combines with a water molecule in solution to form a___ ion, which has the formula H3O+. | hydronium
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| Because acid solutions contain ___, they conduct electric currents | ions
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| A base is a substance that produces ___ ions when dissolved in water | hydroxide
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| The formula for the hydroxide ion is ___ | OH-
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| Bases feel ___ on your skin, taste bitter, and turn red litmus paper blue. | slippery
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| Most bases are ___ compounds | ionic
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| ___ is a numerical scale used to indicate how acidic or basic a solution is | pH
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| The pH scale runs from below __ to above __. | 0, 14
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| A highly ___ solution has a pH near 0, whereas a highly ___ solution has a pH near 14. | acidic, basic
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| A ___ solution has a pH of 7. | neutral
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| pH is a measure of the concentration of ___ ions in solution | hydronium
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| The higher the concentration of hydronium ions, the more ___ a solution is. | acidic
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| All acid and base solutions contain both hydronium ions and ___ ions | hydroxide
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| In a neutral solution (pH 7) the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentrations are ___ | equal
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| A change in one pH unit represents a ___ change in the acidity or basicity of a solution | tenfold
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| When an acid and a base are mixed, a ___ reaction occurs | neutralization
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| A neutralization reaction produces water and a ___ | salt
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| An ___ is a compound that changes from one color to another within a particularpH range. | indicator
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| A __ ____ is an electronic instrument with an electrode that is sensitive to the hydronium ions in a solution. | pH meter
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