Fluid & Electrolytes LPN
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Intracellular Fluid (inside cells) | show 🗑
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| show | Less Fluid
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| show | Kidneys, skin, lungs, GI tract
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| show | Movement of fluid from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration with eventual equalization
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| show | Movement of solutes from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
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| Hypervolemia | show 🗑
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| Hypervolemia | show 🗑
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| Hypervolemia Causes | show 🗑
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| show | Edema, distended neck veins, abnormal lung sounds, increased weight, increased urine output, tachycardia, increased B/P
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| show | BUN and hematocrit levels decreased due to plasma dilution (too much water)
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| Hypervolemia Diagnostics | show 🗑
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| show | 135-145 mEq/L
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| show | 10-20 mg/dl
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| Hematocrit | show 🗑
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| show | Restrict sodium and fluid, TED hose improve venous return, diuretics, dypsnea can occur, dialysis if severe
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| show | spironolactone can cause hyperkalemia
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| show | hydrochlorothiazide, can cause hypokalemia (potassium low) and hyponatremia (low sodium)
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| Loop Diuretics (most potent) | show 🗑
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| Hypovolemia | show 🗑
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| Hypovolemia Risk Factors | show 🗑
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| Hypovolemia Risk Factors | show 🗑
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| Diabetes insipidus | show 🗑
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| show | Thirst, anorexia, nausea, fatigue, muscle weakness, cramps, increased HR, increased B/P, cool, clammy skin if severe
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| Hypovolemia Labs | show 🗑
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| show | 42-52% male, 35-47% female
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| show | 1.010-1.025
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| Hypovolemia (management) | show 🗑
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| Hypovolemia (management) | show 🗑
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| show | Significant fluid lost from intravascular space occurs in hemorrhage, burns, GI loses
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| show | Symptoms: increased pulse, increased B/P, Urine output <30 ml/hr, thirst, neuro changes
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| show | Actions: Fluid replacement with colloids (blood products) Isotonic (normal saline) Supine position-elevate legs, Monitor vital signs, I/O's
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| show | Sometimes fluid is not lost from the body but is unavailable for use by either the ICF or ECF.
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| show | The movement of body fluid to a non-functional space, occurs frequently and can be potentially fatal
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| Third Spacing | show 🗑
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| show | Severe, widespread accumulation of fluid in all of the tissues and cavities of the body at the same time.
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| Third Space | show 🗑
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| MEq | show 🗑
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| Cations | show 🗑
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| show | Contains K+ Potassium
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| show | Contains Na+ Sodium
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| show | Potassium and Sodium
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| show | Most abundant solute in ECF, responsible for muscle contraction & transmission of nerve impulses
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| show | Conserves sodium, regulate Na+ balance
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| show | Serum Na <135
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| show | Renal: diuretics, Adrenal insufficiency, low aldosterone, Non renal: vomitting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, excessive water intake, hypervolemia, IV therapy, head injury
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| Hyponatremia management | show 🗑
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| show | Na+ >145
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| Hypernatremia Risk Factors | show 🗑
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| Dehydration | show 🗑
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| show | Flushed skin, dry, swollen tongue, peripheral edema, pulmonary edema
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| show | Diuretics, IV fluids, hypotonic electrolyte solution, 0.3% sodium chloride
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| show | Major intracellular electrolyte, influences skeletal & cardiac muscles, 80% excreted from kidneys, 20% lost bowel & sweat
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| show | Too much insulin, insulinemia, burns, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suctioning, diuretics
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| show | Cardiac: dysrhythmias & weak pulse, flat/inverted T-waves on ECG, cardiac & respiratory arrest
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| show | K+ replacement slowly, never administer IV push, cardiac arrest
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| Hyperkalemia K+ >5 | show 🗑
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| show | Cardiac, slow irregular puse, hypotension, restlessness, irritability, weakness, paralysis, diarrhea
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| show | Diuretics, PO or rectal enema, Insulin, dialysis
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Created by:
angienoriega
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