Computers: Understanding Tech 6e 2.3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| system unit | The main part of the computer that houses the major components used in processing data.
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| power supply | The component that converts the 110-volt or 220-volt alternating current (AC) from your wall outlet to the much lower voltage direct current (DC) that computer components require.
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| motherboard | The large circuit board that functions as the main controller board for a computer.
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| trace | A conductive pathway on a circuit board.
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| chipset | A controller chip (or set of chips) that controls and directs all the data traffic on a motherboard.
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| bus | An electronic path along which data is transmitted.
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| bus width | The number of bits a bus can transport simultaneously.
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| system bus | The bus that connects the CPU to the main memory.
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| expansion bus | A bus on a motherboard that provides communication between the CPU and a peripheral device.
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| expansion slot | A narrow slot in the motherboard that allows the insertion of an expansion board.
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| expansion board | A circuit board that adds some specific capability to a computer system, such as sound, networking, or extra ports for connecting external devices. Also called expansion card or adapter.
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| Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) bus | A popular standard for expansion slots in modern motherboards, available in several sizes including × 1, × 4, and × 16.
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| ExpressCard | An expansion card, about the size of a stack of several credit cards, that adds capability to a notebook computer by connecting into an ExpressCard slot in the side of the computer.
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| port | An external plug-in socket on a computing device, used to connect external devices such as printers, monitors, and speakers to a computer. Sometimes called interface.
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| universal serial bus (USB) port | A general-purpose port used by many different devices, including input devices (such as keyboards and mice) and external storage devices (such as external hard drives, USB flash drives, and digital cameras).
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| FireWire port | A general-purpose port often used to connect external drives and video cameras.
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| eSATA port | An external version of the Serial ATA standard used for connecting internal hard drives.
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| S-video port | A port used for video output for standard-definition TVs. Also known as i480.
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| High-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port | A port used for connecting to HDMI-capable input and output devices, such as to high-definition TVs.
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| digital visual interface (DVI) port | The most common type of port for display monitors in modern computer systems; also used for some consumer electronics devices and game consoles.
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| video graphics adapter (VGA) port | An older type of monitor port still used in many systems; on a PC, a 15-pin female D-sub connector (often abbreviated DB15F).
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| D-sub connector | A connector consisting of a D-shaped ring with metal pins or holes inside it; described based on the number of pins and whether it’s male (having pins) or female (having holes), such as DB15F for a connector with 15 holes.
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| Ethernet port | A port that enables a computer to connect to networking device using a network cable, typically a UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cable with an RJ-45 connector on each end.
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| RJ-45 port | The official name of the connector on an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Ethernet cable. RJ stands for registered jack.
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| dial-up modem | A device for connecting to the Internet or a remote network via a dial-up telephone connection.
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| audio port | A small, circular hole into which a 3.5-millimeter connector is plugged for analog input devices (such as microphones), analog stereo equipment, and analog output devices (such as speakers and headphones).
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| legacy port | A computer port that is still in use but has been largely replaced by a port with more functionality.
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| serial port | A 9-pin male D-sub connector on the PC; a popular port for connecting external devices in the early days of computing but now obsolete. Also called COM port (short for communications port).
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| parallel port | A 25-pin female D-sub connector on a PC, which matches up with a 25-pin male connector on a cable; a popular port for connecting printers in the early days of computing but now obsolete. Also called LPT port (short for line printer port).
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| PS/2 port | A small, round port that was the standard for connecting keyboards and mice in the years before USB; named for a very old IBM computer, the PS/2, which was the first to use this connector type.
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| storage bay | A space in the system unit where a storage device (such as a hard drive or a DVD drive) can be installed. Also called bay.
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