Science
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| Dwarf planet | A spherical object that orbits the Sun, is not the moon of another planet, and has less mass than any of the other eight planets.
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| maria | Large flat areas of the moon
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| Solar eclipse | The moon passes between earth and the sun blocking the sun from view over the limited area where the moon cast its shadow
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| Lunar eclipse | The moon passes behind the earth and through the shadow.
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| Rotate | When objects in the solar system spin
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| Waxing phase | In which phase is it when more of the moon's near side is lit each night during this phase (right)
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| Waning phase | In which phase is it when less of the moon's near side is lit each night during this phase (left)
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| Umbra | The central ,darker part of a shadow where light is totally blocked.
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| Tide | The daily rise and fall of sea level
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| Spring tides | During full and new moon phases
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| Neap tides | First and third quarter moon.
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| What is Mercury mostly made up of and what is its rotation? | Iron, nickel, silicon; 59 days
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| What are the 4 inner planets? | Mercury, Venus, earth, Mars
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| What are the 4 outer planets? | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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| Greenhouse effect | The natural process that occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere absorb and reradiate thermal energy from the sun
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| Astronomical units (AU) | The average distance from earth to the sun -- about 150 million km
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| Luminosity | The true brightness of an object
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| Star color | Blue - hotter ; red - colder
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| Apparent magnitude | A measure of how bright an object appears from Earth
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| parallax | The apparent Change in an objects position caused by looking at it from two different points
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| Big Bang theory | Theorized explosion that created the universe and where all energy, matter, and space began.
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| Which two planets go through the greenhouse effect? | Earth and Venus
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| What are the two pieces of evidence for the Big Bang theory? | Background radiation and red shift.
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| When a red shift occurs do the objects move closer in or farther away? | Farther away
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| Meteors | Rocky materials that has entered earths atmosphere.
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| Meteorites | Strikes a planet or a moon.
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| Astonomical units | Distance from the eat he to the sun exactly 14597870700 meters = 93 million miles
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| What type of planet is Pluto? | Dwarf planet
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| Luminosity | Measure of how much energy leaves a star in a certain period of time.
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| Apparent magnitude | How bright a star appears to be.
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| Absolute magnitude | The actual brightness of a star.
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| Parallax | An apparent change in position ex: tumb
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| How do craters form? | When objects collide into the surface of another object
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| After the first week of the lunar cycle the moons entire ___________ half is lit. | Western
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| During the second week of the lunar cycle when the moons near side is completely lit is what type of moon? | Full moon
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| What is Mercury mostly made up of? | Iron, nickel, and silicon
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| What is Venus mostly made up of ? | Solidified lava
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| What is earth mostly made up of? | Oxygen and silicon
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| What is Mars mostly made up of? | Iron oxide
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| What is Jupiter mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and helium
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| What is Saturn mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and Helium
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| True or false: Mercury has NO atmosphere. | False
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| What planet is the hottest planet in the solar system? | Venus
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| True or False: earth is the only planet with water | True
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| Why Does Mars have a red color to it? | Because the soil on Mars contains ion oxide and that makes it red
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| What two substances is Saturn mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and helium
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| What is the order of the planets from the sun? | Mercury Venus earth Mars Jupiter Saturn urnaus Neptune
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| Geocentric theory is about what? | A theory about the earth ( look over page 1 in your notes)
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| What is heliocentric theory about? | A theory about the sun.
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| Inner planets are made of mostly what? | Solid rocky materials
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| An object in the solar system orbits of what around anothe object | Revolves
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| Waxing gibbous moon | Most of the right side is lit
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| First quarter moon | The right half of the moon appears lighted
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| Waxing crescent moon | The crescent will get smaller and smaller every day until the moon looks like the new moon.
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| New moon | The lighted side of the moon faces away from the earth- the moon is almost completely dark.
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| Waning crescent moon | ( waxing means increasing or growing larger) the lit side of the moon is on the right .
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| Third quarter moon | Sometimes called the last quarter. The left half of the moon appears lighted
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| Waning gibbous moon | ( waning means decreasing or to get smaller) the left side is lit up.
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| Full moon | The lighted side of the moon faces the earth. The moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off of it.
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| Tides | The daily rise and fall of sea level
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