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Astronomy
Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dwarf planet | A spherical object that orbits the Sun, is not the moon of another planet, and has less mass than any of the other eight planets. |
| maria | Large flat areas of the moon |
| Solar eclipse | The moon passes between earth and the sun blocking the sun from view over the limited area where the moon cast its shadow |
| Lunar eclipse | The moon passes behind the earth and through the shadow. |
| Rotate | When objects in the solar system spin |
| Waxing phase | In which phase is it when more of the moon's near side is lit each night during this phase (right) |
| Waning phase | In which phase is it when less of the moon's near side is lit each night during this phase (left) |
| Umbra | The central ,darker part of a shadow where light is totally blocked. |
| Tide | The daily rise and fall of sea level |
| Spring tides | During full and new moon phases |
| Neap tides | First and third quarter moon. |
| What is Mercury mostly made up of and what is its rotation? | Iron, nickel, silicon; 59 days |
| What are the 4 inner planets? | Mercury, Venus, earth, Mars |
| What are the 4 outer planets? | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune |
| Greenhouse effect | The natural process that occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere absorb and reradiate thermal energy from the sun |
| Astronomical units (AU) | The average distance from earth to the sun -- about 150 million km |
| Luminosity | The true brightness of an object |
| Star color | Blue - hotter ; red - colder |
| Apparent magnitude | A measure of how bright an object appears from Earth |
| parallax | The apparent Change in an objects position caused by looking at it from two different points |
| Big Bang theory | Theorized explosion that created the universe and where all energy, matter, and space began. |
| Which two planets go through the greenhouse effect? | Earth and Venus |
| What are the two pieces of evidence for the Big Bang theory? | Background radiation and red shift. |
| When a red shift occurs do the objects move closer in or farther away? | Farther away |
| Meteors | Rocky materials that has entered earths atmosphere. |
| Meteorites | Strikes a planet or a moon. |
| Astonomical units | Distance from the eat he to the sun exactly 14597870700 meters = 93 million miles |
| What type of planet is Pluto? | Dwarf planet |
| Luminosity | Measure of how much energy leaves a star in a certain period of time. |
| Apparent magnitude | How bright a star appears to be. |
| Absolute magnitude | The actual brightness of a star. |
| Parallax | An apparent change in position ex: tumb |
| How do craters form? | When objects collide into the surface of another object |
| After the first week of the lunar cycle the moons entire ___________ half is lit. | Western |
| During the second week of the lunar cycle when the moons near side is completely lit is what type of moon? | Full moon |
| What is Mercury mostly made up of? | Iron, nickel, and silicon |
| What is Venus mostly made up of ? | Solidified lava |
| What is earth mostly made up of? | Oxygen and silicon |
| What is Mars mostly made up of? | Iron oxide |
| What is Jupiter mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and helium |
| What is Saturn mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and Helium |
| True or false: Mercury has NO atmosphere. | False |
| What planet is the hottest planet in the solar system? | Venus |
| True or False: earth is the only planet with water | True |
| Why Does Mars have a red color to it? | Because the soil on Mars contains ion oxide and that makes it red |
| What two substances is Saturn mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and helium |
| What is the order of the planets from the sun? | Mercury Venus earth Mars Jupiter Saturn urnaus Neptune |
| Geocentric theory is about what? | A theory about the earth ( look over page 1 in your notes) |
| What is heliocentric theory about? | A theory about the sun. |
| Inner planets are made of mostly what? | Solid rocky materials |
| An object in the solar system orbits of what around anothe object | Revolves |
| Waxing gibbous moon | Most of the right side is lit |
| First quarter moon | The right half of the moon appears lighted |
| Waxing crescent moon | The crescent will get smaller and smaller every day until the moon looks like the new moon. |
| New moon | The lighted side of the moon faces away from the earth- the moon is almost completely dark. |
| Waning crescent moon | ( waxing means increasing or growing larger) the lit side of the moon is on the right . |
| Third quarter moon | Sometimes called the last quarter. The left half of the moon appears lighted |
| Waning gibbous moon | ( waning means decreasing or to get smaller) the left side is lit up. |
| Full moon | The lighted side of the moon faces the earth. The moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off of it. |
| Tides | The daily rise and fall of sea level |
Created by:
ashlynn.marie
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