Nervous System
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| Action Potential | Rapid depolarization of the cell membrane that results in propagation of the nerve impulse along the membrane.
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| Afferent Nerve | Sensory nerve that carries information from the periphery of the body TO the BRAIN or spinal cord
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| Anesthesia | Loss of feeling or sensation resulting from the nerve use of certain drugs or gases that serve as inhibitory neurotransmitters.
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| Crossover-Innervation | Overlap of terminal nerve fibers from the contralateral side of the dental arch.
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| Efferent Nerve | Motor nerve that carries information away from the brain or spinal cord to the periphery of the body.
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| Facial Paralysis | Loss of action of the facial muscles.
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| Ganglion | Accumulation of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system.
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| Innervation | Supply of nerves to tissue, structures, or organs.
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| Neuron | Cellular component of the nervous system that is individually composed of a cell body and neural processes.
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| Neurotransmitter | Chemical agent from the neuron that is discharged with the arrival of the action potential, diffuses across the synapse, and binds to receptors on another cells membrane.
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| Nerve | Bundle of neural processes outside the central onerous system; a part of the peripheral nervous system.
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| Nervous System | Extensive network of structures that activates, coordinates, and controls all functions of the body.
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| Resting Potential | Charge difference between the fluid outside and inside a cell that results in difference in the distribution of ions.
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| Synapse | Junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ, where neural impulses are transmitted by electrical or chemical means.
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| Trigeminal Neuralgia | Lesion of the trigeminal nerve involving facial pain.
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| Olfactory nerve type | Afferent: nasal mucosa
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| Optic nerve type | Afferent: retina of the eye
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| Oculomotor nerve type | Efferent: eye muscles
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| Trochlear nerve type | Efferent: eye muscles
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| Trigeminal nerve type | Efferent: muscles of mastication and other cranial muscles. Afferent: face and head skin, teeth, oral cavity, parotid gland, and tongue.
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| Abdunces nerve type | Efferent: eye muscles
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| Faical nerve type | Efferent: muscles of facial expressions. Afferent: skin around ear and tongue
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| Vestibulocochlear nerve type | Afferent: inner ear
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| Glossopharyngeal nerve type | Efferenet: stylopharyngeus muscle and parotid gland. Afferent: skin around ear and tongue
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| Vagus nerve type | Efferent: muscles of soft palate, pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdominal organs. Afferent: skin around ear and epiglottis
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| Accessory nerve type | Efferent: muscles of neck, soft palate, and pharynx.
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| Hypoglossal nerve type | Efferent: tongue muscles.
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| The brainstem of the central nervous system consists of which structures? | Medulla, pons, and midbrain
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| The central nervous system consists of which two structures? | Brain and spinal cord
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| To what division of the nervous system does a nerve cell belong if it leads from the eye to the brain carrying visual information? | Afferent nervous system
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| An efferent nerve with the nervous system is known to carry information... | AWAY from the brain to the periphery of the body.
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| To which of the following structures does the posterior superior alveolar nerve and its branches supply? | Max. posterior teeth
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| Which foramen does the facial nerve pass through the skull? | Stylomastoid foramen.
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| Which cranial nerve is directly involved in Bell palsy? | Facial nerve
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| The hypoglossal nerve pairs with what muscle? | Intrinsic tongue muscles
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| Which cranial nerve has fibers that provide crossover innervation to the contralateral side in the skull before continuing into the brain? | Optic nerve
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| Which cranial nerve carries taste sensations for the base of the tongue | Glossopharyngeal nerve
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| Which region of the head and neck is the trigeminal ganglion located? | Anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone
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