A deck of flashcards for Undergraduate Study of Biology. Source: Wikipedia
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| show | Morphological species concept and the biological species concept.
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| show | Simple judgement according to appearance/phenotypic traits. However, may be found invalid.
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| show | A population that has potential to interbreed with one another in nature but are reproductively isolated from other populations. -Ernst Mayr (1963)
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| show | Any heritable feature that prevents interbreeding between genetically different populations.
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| show | Prezygotic and Postzygotic RIMs.
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| Prezygotic RIMs | show 🗑
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| show | It prevents viable, fertile offspring. Reduced hybrid viability (zygote does not complete development and embryo aborts), reduced hybrid fertility (sterile offspring/no gene flow) and hybrid breakdown (hybrid offsprings die).
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| What are the 2 types of speciation? | show 🗑
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| show | The initial block of geneflow being a geographical barrier which results in physical separation between two populations into different areas.
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| Sympatric speciation | show 🗑
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| show | It may arise through development over time or through colonization in a new area.
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| show | A process commonly found on island chains where the population occupies different islands and adapt to different conditions/lifestyles.
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| What are the possible mechanisms for sympatric speciation? | show 🗑
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| show | Tendency for individuals with a dependency on a particular lifestyle/food source to mate with similar individuals. This may cause RIMs over time.
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| show | The preference in mates with specific morphology.
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| show | When an organism has more than the normal number of sets of chromosomes. There are two types, autopolyploids and allopolyploids.
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| Autopolyploids | show 🗑
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| Allopolyploids | show 🗑
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| show | Phyletic evolution where there is a transformation of an unbranched lineage of organisms.
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| show | Branching evolution where there is a budding of one or more species from a parent species that continues to exist.
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| What is the rate of evolution? | show 🗑
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| show | Gradualism model and the punctuated equilibrium models.
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| Gradualism model | show 🗑
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| Punctuated equilibrium model | show 🗑
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| Extinction | show 🗑
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| show | Species that are still alive today.
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| show | Where an extinction of a species comes a rise in a new species.
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| show | Background extinction (continuous low level extinctions) and mass extinctions (huge number of species going extinct).
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