Introduction to Programming Chapter 04 - Terms
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| Decision Structure (function) | A decision structure (AKA selection structure) allows a program to perform actions only under certain conditions.
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| NOT operator | Takes a Boolean expressions as its operand and reverses its logical value.
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| Short-Circuit Evaluation | AND: If the expression to the left of the operand is false, right side is not checked.
OR: If the expression to the left of the operand is true, right side is not checked.
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| OR operator | Takes two Boolean expressions as operands and creates a compound Boolean expression that is true when either of the subexpressions is true.
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| && | AND operator
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| | | | OR operator
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| !. | NOT operator
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| AND operator | Takes two Boolean expressions as its operand and creates a compound Boolean expression that is true only when both subexpressions are true.
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| Case Structure (AKA) | Multiple Alternative Decision Structure
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| Case Structure (function) | Allows you to test the value of a variable or an expression and then use that value to determine which statement or set of statements to execute.
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| Decision Structure (AKA) | Selection Structures
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| conditionally executed | performed only when a certain condition is true.
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| Single Alternative Decision Structure | Provides only one alternative path.
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| You can use Decision Statements alone to create a complete program? T/F | False
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| If Clause | The program line that begins with IF
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| condition | Any expression that can be evaluated as either true or false. AKA Boolean Experssion
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| Boolean Expressions | Expressions that can be evaluated as either true or false.
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| Relational Operator (function) | Determines whether a specific relationship exists between two values.
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| Relational Operators (examples) | > < >= <= == !=
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| Which relationship operators test for more than one relationship? | <= >=
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| == | a relational operator that determines whether the operand on its left is equal to the operand on its right.
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| Why are two == used? | To differentiate between the relational operator and the assignment operator.
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| Control Structure | A logical design that controls the order in which a set of statements executes.
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| Dual Alternative Decision Structures | Two possible paths of execution. One path if TRUE, Another path if FALSE.
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| What statement do you use in pseudocode to express dual alternative decision structure. | If - Else
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| String Comparisons are case sensitive in most programming languages. T/F | True
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| Nested Decision Structures | A decision structure can be nested inside another decision structure to test more than one condition.
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| If - Then - Else - If statement | a simpler way logically to write a nested decision structure.
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| testExpression | The first line of a case structure following Select
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| Multiple Alternative Decision Structure (AKA) | Case Structure
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| Multiple Alternative Decision Structure (function) | Allows you to test the value of a variable or an expression and then use that value to determine which statement or set of statements to execute.
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| Logical Operators (examples) | And Or Not
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| Logical Operators (function) | Allow you to create complex Boolean expressions.
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| Which Logical Operator would you use to determine whether a numeric value is within a specific range or our of a specific range? | AND
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| Boolean Variable | Can hold one of two values: true or false
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| Which variable is commonly used as a flag? | Boolean
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| What are the four types of variables we've learned so far? | Integer Real String Boolean
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