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Our Digital World 6.2

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Term
Definition
communications system   In the context of a computer network, a system that includes sending and receiving hardware, transmission and relay systems, common sets of standards so all the equipment can “talk” to each other, and communications software.  
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network protocol   A rule for how data is handled as it travels along a communications channel.  
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analog signal   An electronic signal formed by continuous sound waves that fluctuate from high to low.  
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digital signal   A discrete electronic signal that is either high or low. In computer terms, high represents the digital bit 1; low represents the digital bit 0.  
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modem   A piece of hardware that sends and receives data from a transmission source such as your telephone line or cable television connection. The word modem comes from a combination of the words modulate and demodulate.  
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frequency   The speed at which a signal can change from high to low; a signal sent at a faster frequency provides faster transmission.  
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bandwidth   The number of bits (pieces of data) per second that can be transmitted over a communications medium.  
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broadband   Any communications medium that is capable of carrying a large amount of data at a fast speed.  
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kilobit per second (Kbps)   A transmission at a rate of 1 thousand bits per second.  
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megabit per second (Mbps)   A transmission at a rate of 1 million bits per second.  
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gigabit per second (Gbps)   A transmission at a rate of 1 billion bits per second.  
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terabit per second (Tbps)   A transmission at a rate of 1 trillion bits per second.  
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petabit per second (Pbps)   A transmission at a rate of 1 quadrillion bits per second.  
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