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Science 9

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Term
Definition
chromosome   a structure that carries genes  
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)   molecule found in the nucleus that carries genetic information composed of Sugar, phospate and 4 different bases(guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymine)passes down for reproduction  
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Gene   segment of DNA located at the specific place at the chromosome that contains special information to produce proteins.  
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Gene mutation   a change in the specific order of A,G,C and T bases to make a particular gene  
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Gene therapy   different techniques to alter and change specific mutations genes to make them function narmally  
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Mutagen   substances or factors that can cause mutations in DNA  
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Negative mutation   a mutations that harms an organism or reduces the probability that organisms with the mutation can produce offsprings or survive in their environment  
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Neutral mutation   a mutation that does not affect the organism or does not increase or decrease the survival rate of that organism  
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nuleolus   a membrane free organelle that floats int he interior of the nucleus and makes ribosomes  
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nucleus   chem; the positively chaarged center part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons, in bio: an organelle that controls the functions within the cell  
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Positive mutation   a mutation that benefits an organism  
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Protein   essential materials required for the cell to carry out the the activities necessary for its survival  
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