Computers: Understanding Tech 5e 3.8
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| primary storage | Storage where data is placed immediately after it’s input or processed. Primary storage is by nature temporary. Generally, the term primary storage refers to dynamic RAM.
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| secondary storage | Storage that holds data until the data is removed from it intentionally. Generally, the term secondary storage refers to storage volumes such as hard drives.
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| fixed storage | Storage that is mounted inside the computer; to get it out, you would have to open up the computer’s case. An internal hard disk drive is an example.
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| removable storage | Storage media that can easily be separated from the computer. CDs, DVDs, external hard drives, and USB flash drives are all examples.
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| hard disk drive (HDD) | A mechanical hard drive consisting of one or more rigid metal platters (disks) mounted on a spindle in a metal box with a set of read/write heads—one read/write head for each side of each platter.
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| track | A numbered, concentric ring or circle on a hard disk.
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| sector | A numbered section of a track on a hard disk.
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| cluster | On a storage disk, a group of sectors that are addressed as a single unit.
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| master file table (MFT) | The table of contents on an NTFS volume.
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| file allocation table (FAT) | The disk’s table of contents on a FAT or FAT32 volume.
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| New Technology File System (NTFS) | The file system used in modern versions of Windows.
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| magnetic storage | A type of disk storage that stores data in patterns of transitions created by magnetizing areas of the disk with a positive or negative polarity.
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| flux transition | In magnetic storage, a transition point between positive and negative magnetic polarity on the disk surface.
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| average access time | The average amount of time between the operating system requesting a file and the storage device delivering it.
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| data transfer rate | The speed at which data can be moved from the storage device to the motherboard and then on to the CPU.
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| parallel ATA (PATA) | A hard disk interface that uses a 40-wire ribbon cable to transfer data in parallel fashion; limited to about 133 megabytes per second; mostly obsolete, having been superseded by serial ATA (SATA).
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| serial ATA (SATA) | A hard disk interface that transfers data in serial fashion at up to 308 megabytes per second; used on most desktop and notebook systems today.
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| solid-state hard drive (SSHD) | The solid-state equivalent of a mechanical hard disk drive (HDD) in terms of storage capacity and physical size of the box.
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| network share | A drive or folder that’s been made available to users on computers other than the one on which the content physically resides.
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| cloud drive | A secure storage location on an Internet-accessible remote server. Examples include Microsoft’s OneDrive and Apple’s iCloud.
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| optical disc | A disc that stores data in patterns of greater and lesser reflectivity on its surface. CDs and DVDs are optical discs.
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| optical drive | A drive that contains a laser that shines light on the surface and a sensor that measures the amount of light that bounces back. CDs and DVDs are read and written in optical drives.
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| land | Areas of greater reflectivity on the surface of an optical disc. Compare pit.
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| pit | Area of lesser reflectivity on the surface of an optical disc. Compare land.
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| compact disc (CD) | An optical disc that can store up to 900 MB of data; commonly used for distributing music and small applications and for inexpensively storing and transferring data.
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| digital versatile disc (DVD) | An optical disc that can store up to 17 GB of data, although the most common type (single-sided, single layer) stores up to 4.7 GB of data; most often used to distribute large applications and standard-definition movies.
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| Blu-ray disc (BD) | An optical disc that can store up to 128 GB of data in up to four layers; used to distribute high-definition movies and to store and transfer large amounts of data.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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