New FA Micro 8
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| salmonella or shigella: motile and can disseminate hematogenously? | salmonella
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| salmonella or shigella: which is more virulent? | shigella
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| salmonella or shigella: symptoms may be prolonged with antibiotic treatments | salmonella
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| salmonella or shigella: animal reservoir | salmonella
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| this is usually transmitted from pet feces, contaminated milk, or pork; outbreaks common in daycare centers | yersinia enterocolitica
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| this can mimic Crohn's or appendicitis & can disseminate to produce lymphadenitis | yersinia enterocolitica
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| arthritis can develop with yersinia infection in patients with what? | HLA-B27
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| vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus | contaminated seafood
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| reheated rice | B. cereus
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| meats, mayonase, custard | s. aureus
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| reheated meat dishes | c. perfringens
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| undercooked meat | e. coli 0157:H7
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| poultry, meat, eggs | salmonella
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| bloody diarrhea; comma or S-shaped organisms | campylobacter
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| is campylobacter motile? | yes
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| e. coli producing shiga-like toxin; can cause HUS | enterohemorrhagic
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| day-care outbreaks, pseudoappendicitis | yersinia
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| protazoan causing bloody diarrhea | entamoeba histolytica
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| protaozoa causing watery diarrhea | giardia, cryptosporidium (in immunocompromised)
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| treatment for legionella? | erythromycin
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| UTI - urine with alkaline pH | proteus - very motile - able to break down urea
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| pneumonia in CF | pseudomonas
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| wound and burn infections | pseudomonas
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| treatment for pseudomonas? | amnoglycoside plus extended-spectrum penicillin (piperacillin, ticarcillin)
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| aerobic gram-negative rod; oxidase positive, non-lactose fermenting; pyocyanin pigment | pseudomonas
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| hot tub folliculitis | pseudomonas
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| pneumonia, sepsis, UTI, drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis | pseudomonas
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| cellulitis from animal bite, cats, dogs | pasteurella
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| dairy products, contact with animals | brucella
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| ghon complex | TB granulomas (Ghon focus) with lobar and perihilar LN involvement; reflects primary infection or exposure
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| mycobacterium scrofulaceum | cervical lymphadenitis in kids
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| mycobacterium kansasii | pulmonary TB-like symptoms
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| acid-fast bacillus that likes cold temperatures and cannot be grown in vitro | mycobacterium leprae
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| reservoir for m. leprae in U.S.? | armadillos
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| what does m. leprae infect? | skin and superficial nerves
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| treatment for leprosy? | long-term oral dapsone - toxicity is hemolysis and methemoglobinemia
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| which type of Hanson's diseaseiis worse? | lepromatous worse than tuberculoid
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| the chlamydial petidoglycan wall is unusual in that it lacks what? | muramic acid
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| treatment for chlamydia? | erythromycin or tetracycline
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| cytoplasmic inclusions seen on Giemsa or fluorescent antibody-stained smear | chlamydia
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| infection of liver capsule with RUQ pain; associated with chlamydial or gonococcal infection | Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
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| how do the reticulate bodies of chlamydia replicate? | binary fission
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| types A, B, and C of chlamydia | Africa/Blindness/Chronic infection
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| types D-K of chlamydia | urethritis/PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal pneumonia or conjunctivitis
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| types L1, L2, and L3 of chlamydia | lymphogranuloma venereum (acute lymphadenitis - positive Frei test)
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| treatment for neonate after passage through chlamydia-infected birth canal? | erythromycin eye drops
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| most common STD in U.S.? | chlamydia
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| only spirochete that can be visualized using analine dyes (Wright's or Giemsa stan) in light microscopy | borrelia
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| shepherd's crook-shaped spirochete | leptospira
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| Wal's disease | fatal from of leptospira infection - jaundice, bleeding, renal failure, skeletal muscle necrosis
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| treatment for Borrelia recurrentis? | doxycycline, erythromycin
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| treatment for Lyme disease? | doxycycline
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| what causes yaws? | tremonema pertenue - tropical infection that is not an STD, although VDRL test is positive
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| what are important reservoirs for ixodes? what is required for tick life cycle? | mice; deer
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| signs of tertiary syphilis? | broad-based ataxia; positive Romberg; Charcot joints; stroke without hypertension
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| congenital syphilis? | saber shins, saddle nose, deafness
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| primary syphilis? | painless chancre
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| secondary syphilis? | disseminated isease with constitutional symptoms, maculopapular rash (palms and soles), condylomata lata
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| VDRL positive, FTA positive? | active infection
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| VDRL positive, FTA negative? | probably false positive
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| VDRL negative, FTA positive? | successfully treated
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| VDRL false positives? | Viruses (mono, hepatitis), Drugs, Rheumatic fever, Rheumatic arthritis, SLE, leprosy
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