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USMLE
New FA Micro 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| salmonella or shigella: motile and can disseminate hematogenously? | salmonella |
| salmonella or shigella: which is more virulent? | shigella |
| salmonella or shigella: symptoms may be prolonged with antibiotic treatments | salmonella |
| salmonella or shigella: animal reservoir | salmonella |
| this is usually transmitted from pet feces, contaminated milk, or pork; outbreaks common in daycare centers | yersinia enterocolitica |
| this can mimic Crohn's or appendicitis & can disseminate to produce lymphadenitis | yersinia enterocolitica |
| arthritis can develop with yersinia infection in patients with what? | HLA-B27 |
| vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus | contaminated seafood |
| reheated rice | B. cereus |
| meats, mayonase, custard | s. aureus |
| reheated meat dishes | c. perfringens |
| undercooked meat | e. coli 0157:H7 |
| poultry, meat, eggs | salmonella |
| bloody diarrhea; comma or S-shaped organisms | campylobacter |
| is campylobacter motile? | yes |
| e. coli producing shiga-like toxin; can cause HUS | enterohemorrhagic |
| day-care outbreaks, pseudoappendicitis | yersinia |
| protazoan causing bloody diarrhea | entamoeba histolytica |
| protaozoa causing watery diarrhea | giardia, cryptosporidium (in immunocompromised) |
| treatment for legionella? | erythromycin |
| UTI - urine with alkaline pH | proteus - very motile - able to break down urea |
| pneumonia in CF | pseudomonas |
| wound and burn infections | pseudomonas |
| treatment for pseudomonas? | amnoglycoside plus extended-spectrum penicillin (piperacillin, ticarcillin) |
| aerobic gram-negative rod; oxidase positive, non-lactose fermenting; pyocyanin pigment | pseudomonas |
| hot tub folliculitis | pseudomonas |
| pneumonia, sepsis, UTI, drug use and diabetic osteomyelitis | pseudomonas |
| cellulitis from animal bite, cats, dogs | pasteurella |
| dairy products, contact with animals | brucella |
| ghon complex | TB granulomas (Ghon focus) with lobar and perihilar LN involvement; reflects primary infection or exposure |
| mycobacterium scrofulaceum | cervical lymphadenitis in kids |
| mycobacterium kansasii | pulmonary TB-like symptoms |
| acid-fast bacillus that likes cold temperatures and cannot be grown in vitro | mycobacterium leprae |
| reservoir for m. leprae in U.S.? | armadillos |
| what does m. leprae infect? | skin and superficial nerves |
| treatment for leprosy? | long-term oral dapsone - toxicity is hemolysis and methemoglobinemia |
| which type of Hanson's diseaseiis worse? | lepromatous worse than tuberculoid |
| the chlamydial petidoglycan wall is unusual in that it lacks what? | muramic acid |
| treatment for chlamydia? | erythromycin or tetracycline |
| cytoplasmic inclusions seen on Giemsa or fluorescent antibody-stained smear | chlamydia |
| infection of liver capsule with RUQ pain; associated with chlamydial or gonococcal infection | Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome |
| how do the reticulate bodies of chlamydia replicate? | binary fission |
| types A, B, and C of chlamydia | Africa/Blindness/Chronic infection |
| types D-K of chlamydia | urethritis/PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal pneumonia or conjunctivitis |
| types L1, L2, and L3 of chlamydia | lymphogranuloma venereum (acute lymphadenitis - positive Frei test) |
| treatment for neonate after passage through chlamydia-infected birth canal? | erythromycin eye drops |
| most common STD in U.S.? | chlamydia |
| only spirochete that can be visualized using analine dyes (Wright's or Giemsa stan) in light microscopy | borrelia |
| shepherd's crook-shaped spirochete | leptospira |
| Wal's disease | fatal from of leptospira infection - jaundice, bleeding, renal failure, skeletal muscle necrosis |
| treatment for Borrelia recurrentis? | doxycycline, erythromycin |
| treatment for Lyme disease? | doxycycline |
| what causes yaws? | tremonema pertenue - tropical infection that is not an STD, although VDRL test is positive |
| what are important reservoirs for ixodes? what is required for tick life cycle? | mice; deer |
| signs of tertiary syphilis? | broad-based ataxia; positive Romberg; Charcot joints; stroke without hypertension |
| congenital syphilis? | saber shins, saddle nose, deafness |
| primary syphilis? | painless chancre |
| secondary syphilis? | disseminated isease with constitutional symptoms, maculopapular rash (palms and soles), condylomata lata |
| VDRL positive, FTA positive? | active infection |
| VDRL positive, FTA negative? | probably false positive |
| VDRL negative, FTA positive? | successfully treated |
| VDRL false positives? | Viruses (mono, hepatitis), Drugs, Rheumatic fever, Rheumatic arthritis, SLE, leprosy |
Created by:
Asclepius
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