USIDMS Abdominal Vessles/Muskuloskeletal
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| what does the celiac artery branch into? | left gastric artery, splenic artery, and common hepatic artery
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| which of the celiac branches is the smallest? largest? | smallest: left gastric artery
largest: splenic artery
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| what is the average size of the aorta? | 2 cm at the most superior portion
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| the abdominal aorta should never exceed how many centimeters | 3
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| what is the tunica media made up of? | smooth muscle and connective tissue
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| what does the vaso vasorum do? | compromises the tiny arteries and veins that supply the walls of blood vessels
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| what are the 2 branches of the left renal vein? | 1. left gonadal
2. left suprarenal (adrenal)
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| what is the average size of the IVC? | 2-3cm
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| when do the valves open and close in the IVC? | open: during systole
close: during diastole
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| what does the portal system do? | carries blood and nutrients from the bowel and abdominal organs to the liver for metabolism and detoxification
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| what does the portal vein drain? | mesentery system
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| what 3 structures does the portal triad include? | 1. portal vein
2. common bile duct
3. common hepatic artery
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| what is hepatopetal flow? | portal venous flow towards the liver, more of a continuous flow
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| what is atheroma ? | lipid deposit on intima (actual plaque build up)
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| what is arteriosclerosis? | hardening of artery
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| what is atherosclerosis? | type of arteriosclerosis: irregular lipid deposits on intima
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| what is a true aneurysm? | lined by all 3 layers of the aorta
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| how does a saccular aneurysm appear? | shows a sudden transition between normal and abnormal and is somewhat spherical and larger
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| what is budd-chiari syndrome? | a thrombosis of hepatic veins
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| what does portal hypertension typically occur with? | liver disease
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| what happens with portal hypertension? | collateral circulation develops, blood flow is hepatofugal, so it is trying to find an alternate route, so it forms collaterals so that it can get back to the heart
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| what is TIPS? | trans-jugular intra-hepatic porto-systemic shunt replacement
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| what does the TIPS do? | goes directly from portal vein to hepatic vein or IVC
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| what do tendons connect? | muscle to bone
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| what is the thickness of sheath? | a couple of millimeters
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| what is the normal measurement of a ligament | 2-3mm thick
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| what do ligaments connect? | bone to bone
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| what does bursa help with? | friction
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| what is the largest tendon in the body? | achilles tendon
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| what is tenosynovitis? | inflammation of the lining of the sheath that surrounds a tendon
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