USIDMS GB/Biliary Tree
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| What is the name of the anatomical variant of the gallbladder when it folds onto itself at the neck? | Hartmann's pouch
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| The common hepatic duct joins with the _______ to form the common bile duct. | Cystic duct
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| What is the name of the anatomical variant of the gallbladder in which the gallbladder folds at the fundus? | Phrygian cap
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| How would carcinoma of the gallbladder appear sonographically? | Abnormally thick gallbladder wall with hyperechoic lesion
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| A gallbladder filled with non-shadowing low level internal echoes that move when the patient changes positions is most likely what? | Sludge
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| What are polyps? | Non-moving, well defined echogenic focal masses seen attached to the wall of the gallbladder
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| What is a choledochal cyst? | A focal dilation of the biliary tree caused by the reflux of pancreatic juices
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| Benign proliferation and thickening of the galandular layer of the gallbladder is most indicative for what? | Adenomyomatosis
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| Why are patients asked to be NPO for approximately 8 hours prior to a gallbladder ultrasound? | Being NPO causes bile to collect within the gallbladder lumen for better visualization
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| What is the normal thickness of the gallbladder wall? | 1-3mm
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| What contains the spiral valves of Heister? | Cystic duct
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| Focal tenderness over the gallbladder is? | Positive Murphy's sign
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| What is the most common obstructive biliary disease in infants and children caused by incomplete formation of the bile ducts? | Biliary Atresia
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| Air or gas within the biliary tree produces dirty shadowing called? | Pneumobilia
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| Which two biliary ducts combine to form the common bile duct? | Common hepatic duct and cystic duct
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| What is found anterior to the portal vein? | Common Bile Duct
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| What is a porcelain gallbladder? | Gallbladder wall calcification, increased risk of gallbladder carcinoma
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| Name the two types of Hyperplastic Cholecystosis. | Adenomyomatosis and Cholesterolosis
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| What sonographic plane do you measure the gallbladder wall in? | Transverse
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| What is the medical term for gall stones? | Cholelithiasis
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