Microbiology 1 Staph and Strep test - DelTech Owens Campus
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staphylococci are catalase-(pos or neg?) and gram positive. | catalase-positive
🗑
|
||||
| What is the primary pathogen in the genus Staphylococcus? | S. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| S. aureus is often identified by being coagulase-(pos or neg?). | coagulase positive
🗑
|
||||
| What types of skin infections is S. aureus known to cause? | 1) impetigo 2) bullous impetigo 3) furuncles/boils 4) carbuncles 5) mastitis 6)cellulitis 7) wound infections
🗑
|
||||
| What types of deeper tissue infections is S. aureus known to cause? | 1)pneumonia 2) organ absesses 3) bacteremia 4) endocarditis 5)osteomyelitis 6) septic arthritis
🗑
|
||||
| How does protein A make S. aureus more virulent? | It binds to the Fc portion of IgG and therefore resists phagocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| What toxin causes toxic shock syndrome? | Mainly TSST-1, but some have been linked to enterotoxin B or C
🗑
|
||||
| What toxin causes scalded skin syndrome? | Exfoliative toxin or epidermolytic toxin
🗑
|
||||
| What toxins cause staphylococcal food poisoning? | Enterotoxins A-J except for F.
🗑
|
||||
| Of the enterotoxins that cause food poisoning, which are the most common culprits? | A, B, and D
🗑
|
||||
| Coagulase-negative staph are considered clinically significant if they are associated with what 3 things? | indwelling devices, UTI, present in immunocompromised patient
🗑
|
||||
| What 2 coagulase-negative staph are considered more significant and need to be identified to the species level? | S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus
🗑
|
||||
| What 2 types of coagulase are produced by aureus? | 1. cell bound coagulase (also called clumping factor) 2. free coagulase (also called extracellular coagulase)
🗑
|
||||
| How can cell-bound coagulase be detected in the lab? | slide coagulase and latex slide agglutination assays
🗑
|
||||
| How can free coagulase be detected in the lab? | tube coagulase method
🗑
|
||||
| How can S. aureus be differentiated from most other staph isolates? | positive for coagulase
🗑
|
||||
| How can S. saprophyticus be differentiated from other staph? | Novobiocin disk diffusion: saprophyticus is resistant, while most other coagulase-negative staph are susceptible.
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of antibiotic is recommended to detect MRSA? | cefoxitin
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most accurate test to check if a staph is MRSA? | molecular tests for mecA or latex agglutination tests for PBP2
🗑
|
||||
| How can a lab check for clindamycin resistance? | D test - a disk diffusion test using both clindamycin and erythromycin that forms a D-shaped zone of inhibition when positive
🗑
|
||||
| What is the recommended treatment for MRSA? | vancomycin
🗑
|
||||
| Staphylococci are spherical shaped under a microscope. These cells appear in what 3 ways when viewed through the ocular? | 1. singly 2. pairs 3. clusters
🗑
|
||||
| Micrococci, which resemble staph in some ways, are catalase (pos or neg?). | positive
🗑
|
||||
| Staph are catalse (pos or neg?). | positive
🗑
|
||||
| Micrococci are coagulase (pos or neg?). | negative
🗑
|
||||
| Micrococci are often found in the ? | environment and as indigenous skin biota
🗑
|
||||
| Micrococci are bacitracin susceptible. Staphyolococci are bacitracin (resistant or susceptible?). | resistant
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of staph can be found in the inner ear? | Alloiococcus otitis
🗑
|
||||
| Which kind of staph is an obligate anaerobe? | S. saccharolyticus
🗑
|
||||
| What colors are typical of staph colonies grown on a dish? | 1. cream 2. white 3. buttery (rare)
🗑
|
||||
| Small-colony variants of staph may require one of what 3 things to grow? | 1. CO2 2. hemin 3. menadione
🗑
|
||||
| S. pneumonia is __-hemolytic and requires what sort of environment to grow? | beta-hemolytic and CO2 to grow
🗑
|
||||
| What is the active enzyme in a coagulase test? | Staphylocoagulase
🗑
|
||||
| Another enzyme, known as __ __ can produce effects similar to coagulase. | clumping factor
🗑
|
||||
| Most staph that produce clumping factor are isolated from __ specimens. | animal
🗑
|
||||
| Most coagulase-positive isolates from human sources are considered to be ? | S. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| What 3 toxin-induced diseases are frequently associated with S. aureus? | 1. food poisoning 2. scalded skin syndrome 3. toxic shock syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus are 2 clincally important CoNS staph. Name 2 more that are of growing concern. | S. haemolyticus and S. lugdunensis
🗑
|
||||
| More than (how many?) species of coagulase-negative staph (CoNS) are recognized to exist? | 40
🗑
|
||||
| Staph enterotoxins can remain stable at (what temperature?) and for (how long?). | 100 C for 30 mins
🗑
|
||||
| Which 4 enterotoxins are associated with toxic shock syndrome? | B, C, G and I (especially B and C)
🗑
|
||||
| Which enterotoxin has been associated with staphylococcal pseumdomenbranous enterocolitis? | B
🗑
|
||||
| TSST-1 stands for ? | toxic shock syndrome toxin-1
🗑
|
||||
| TSST-1 is a __ that can interact with T cell and cause a massive, nonspecific immune response. | superantigen
🗑
|
||||
| What is the cause of nearly all menstruating-associated toxic shock syndrome and half of all nonmenstruating associated TSS? | TSST-1
🗑
|
||||
| At a low concentration, TSST-1 causes __ of endothelial cells. | leakage
🗑
|
||||
| At a high concentration, TSST-1 is __ to endothelial cells. | cytotoxic
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of toxin causes the skin to slough off and is known cause scalded skin syndrome? | exfoliative toxin
🗑
|
||||
| Exfoliative toxin is also known as ? | Ritter disease
🗑
|
||||
| What other kind of skin condition is associated with exfoliative toxin? | bullous impetigo
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 4 hemolysins produced by Staph? | 1. alpha-hemolysin 2. beta-hemolysin 3. gamma-hemolysin 4. delta-hemolysin
🗑
|
||||
| Which hemolysin causes damage to platelets and macrophages? | alpha
🗑
|
||||
| Which hemolysin is often associated with PVL (Panton-Valentine leukocidin)? | delta
🗑
|
||||
| Which hemolysin is also called the "hot-cold" lysin? | beta
🗑
|
||||
| Which hemolysis does the least damage to blood cells? | gamma
🗑
|
||||
| Which hemolysin is exhibited in the CAMP test to ID group B streptococci? | beta
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of exotoxin secreted by some strains of S. aureus is lethal to segs (WBCs)? | Staphylococcal leukocidin (also called PVL or Panton-Valentine leukocidin)
🗑
|
||||
| Besides helping S. aureus evade phagocytosis, what else does PVL do to the patient? | cutaneous infections and necrotizing pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| Which enzyme, produced by S. aureus, hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid? | hyaluronidase
🗑
|
||||
| Lipases act on __ on the surface of the skin. | lipids
🗑
|
||||
| Although it can be found elsewhere in the body, what is the primary reservoir for staph in the human body? | nares
🗑
|
||||
| MRSA stands for? | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
🗑
|
||||
| Once S. aureus has breached the barriers to infection, it activates the host's ? | acute inflammatory response
🗑
|
||||
| Skin infections caused by S. aureus are __ and usually occur due to previous injuries. | suppporative (pus filled)
🗑
|
||||
| What do you call a mild inflammation of a hair follicle or oil gland? | folliculitis
🗑
|
||||
| Carbuncles occur when larger lesions develop from multiple ? | furuncles
🗑
|
||||
| Scalded skin syndrome occurs most often in what 2 groups of people? | newborns and once healthy young people
🗑
|
||||
| Scalded skin syndrome occurs most commonly in patients with what 2 conditions? | 1. chronic renal failure 2. compromised immune system
🗑
|
||||
| The mortality rate of children with SSS is low, but in adults, it's about __ percent. | 50
🗑
|
||||
| Toxic shock syndrome is characterized by sudden onset of what 6 symptoms? | 1. fever 2. chills 3. vomiting 4. diarrhea 5. muscle aches 6. rash
🗑
|
||||
| What are the lab findings in toxic shock syndrome? | 1. high WBC count - especially bands and metamyelocytes 2. low platelets 3. DIC 4. high serum creatinine 5. high urea
🗑
|
||||
| TEN stands for ? | toxic epidermal necrolysis
🗑
|
||||
| TEN is very similar to what other condition? | scalded skin syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| The treatment for TEN and for SSS is different in what way? | Steroids help tend by worsen SSS
🗑
|
||||
| What infection is known to occur secondarily to influenza? | Staphylococcal pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| S. pneumonia is characterize by multiple __ and focal __ in the pulmonary __. | multiple abscesses, focal lesions, pulmonary parenchyma
🗑
|
||||
| Infections causes by S. epidermidis are primarily ? | nosocomial
🗑
|
||||
| What form of endocarditis is often caused by S. epidermidis? | prosthetic valve endocarditis
🗑
|
||||
| Which kind of staph infection is the most common cause of UTIs in women and adheres to epithelial cells better than other CoNS? | S. saprophyticus
🗑
|
||||
| Ideally, clinicians should collect how many swabs when requesting a gram stain and culture? | 2
🗑
|
||||
| What is the best type of sample? | aspirate
🗑
|
||||
| Which is more likely to produce hemolytic zones on an SBA: S. aureus or S. epidermidis? | aureus
🗑
|
||||
| What type of reaction differentiates a colony of staph from a colony of micrococci? | oxidation-fermentation reactions produced on O/F glucose media
🗑
|
||||
| Staph ferment __, while micrococci fail to produce acid under anaerobic conditions. | glucose
🗑
|
||||
| A modified oxidase test like the __ __ can be used to rapidly differentiate staph from microc. | Microdase disk
🗑
|
||||
| Staphylocoagulase reacts with a thermostable, thrombin-like molecule called ? | coagulase-reacting factor (CRF)
🗑
|
||||
| When checking for CRF complexes, you should look for a clot to form after how many hours and incubated at what temp? | 4 hours, 37C
🗑
|
||||
| If no clot forms after 4 hours when searching for CRF complexes, what should you do? | Leave the tube at room temp (to avoid false negatives) and check the following day
🗑
|
||||
| Most S. aureus isolates are resistant to penicillin because they produce ? | beta-lactamases
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of agar plate can be used to screen for MRSA? | oxacillin-salt agar plate
🗑
|
||||
| BORSA stands for? | borderline oxacillin-resistant S. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| When screening for MRSA isolates in a colony, how can you tell the MRSA from the non-MRSA? | MRSA will grow more and turn color
🗑
|
||||
| What is the "gold standard" for detecting MRSA? | detection of the mecA gene
🗑
|
||||
| What are the most common strains of community acquired MRSA? | USA 300 and USA 400
🗑
|
||||
| VISA (not the credit card) stands for? | vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| VRSA stands for what? | vancomycin-resistant S. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| How do you screen for VRSA or VISA? | vancomycin agar plate
🗑
|
||||
| Clindamycin is a __, a drug that is bacteriostatic or even bacteriocidal in high doses. | macroglide
🗑
|
||||
| Streptococci and Entercocci are both in the family Streptococcaceae. How can you tell them apart? | catalase test
🗑
|
||||
| Colonies of Streptococci and Enterococci are usually small and somewhat ? | transparent
🗑
|
||||
| A wide-zone of hemolysis surrounding a zone of no-hemolysis near a strep culture is called ? | wide-zone or alph-prime hemolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pyogenes belongs to which Lancefield group? | A
🗑
|
||||
| What is the best-defined virulence factor in Strep. pyogenes? | M protein
🗑
|
||||
| M protein in Strep. pyogenes is encoded by __ genes. | emm
🗑
|
||||
| The M protein causes a streptococcal cell to resist __ and helps it adhere to mucosal cell. | phagocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| Strepolysin O lyses __ and __ among other cells. | leukocytes and platelets
🗑
|
||||
| The hemolysis seen around colonies that have been incubated aerobically is due to ? | streptolysin S
🗑
|
||||
| Some strains of Strep. pyogenes cause a red rash that spreads over the body called ? | scarlet fever
🗑
|
||||
| The real cause of scarlet fever is ? | streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (Spes)
🗑
|
||||
| Spes function as ? | superantigens
🗑
|
||||
| Infections caused by Strep. pyogenes include what 5 things? | 1. pharyngitis 2. scarlet fever 3. skin/pyodermal infections 4. rheumatic fever 5. acute glomerulonephritis
🗑
|
||||
| The 2 most common clinical manifestations of group A streptococcal infections are ? | 1. pharyngitis 2. tonsillitis
🗑
|
||||
| "Strep throat" is spread by __ and __ __. | droplets and close contact
🗑
|
||||
| About 1/3 of those complaining of sore throat have a throat culture positive for ? | S. pyogenes
🗑
|
||||
| Necrotizing fasciitis is most commonly associated with which group of streptococcus? | A
🗑
|
||||
| Type 1 necrotizing fasciitis is a polymicrobial infection from which __ and __ bacteria are recovered. | aerobic and anaerobic
🗑
|
||||
| Type 2 necrotizing fasciitis is caused only by group __ streptococci. | A
🗑
|
||||
| Type 3 necrotizing fasciitis is gas __ and clostridil __. | gas gangrene and clostridial myonecrosis
🗑
|
||||
| A variant of type 1 NF is called ? | saltwater NF
🗑
|
||||
| A condition caused by streptococci wherein the entire organ system can shut down, leading to death, is called ? | streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| 2 serious complications of group A strep. disease include ? | 1. rheumatic fever 2. acute glomerular nephritis
🗑
|
||||
| The favored treatment for group A streptococci is __, although __ may also be used. | penicillin, erythromycin
🗑
|
||||
| Care should be taken to avoid touching the ___ and __ with the swab when getting a sample of strep from the mouth. | tongue and uvula
🗑
|
||||
| An SBA plate with strep on it should be incubated at what temperature? | 35C
🗑
|
||||
| An SBA containing what is recommended for better recovery of beta-hemolytic strep from throat cultures? | sulfamthoxazole
🗑
|
||||
| 3 key tests for strep include ? | 1. Lancefield 2. bacitracin 3. PYR
🗑
|
||||
| All strains of Strep. agalactiae have the group __-specific antigen. | B
🗑
|
||||
| The capsule of group B strep prevents phagocytosis but is ineffective after ? | opsonization
🗑
|
||||
| Group B strep infections often present as __ or __ with bacteremia. | pneumonia or meningitis
🗑
|
||||
| All pregnant women should be screened for group B strep at __ to __ weeks gestation by getting a vaginal and rectal swab sample. | 35 to 37
🗑
|
||||
| Group B strep grow on SBA as __ __ __ colonies with a small zone of beta-hemolysis. | grayish white mucoid
🗑
|
||||
| The most useful test for group B strep include ? | 1. hippurate 2. CAMP
🗑
|
||||
| Large colony forming isolates of streptococci with groups A, C, and G antigens are classified with ? | pyogenic streptococci
🗑
|
||||
| What is the antigen in the cell wall of Strep. pneumoniae called? It is similar to the C carbohydrate on the Lancefield groups. | C substance
🗑
|
||||
| What reacts with the C substance in the cell walls of pneumoniae/pneumococcus to form a precipitate? | C-reactive protein
🗑
|
||||
| The pneumoniae/pneumococcus capsule is antigenic and can be detected with antisera in the __ test. | Neufield
🗑
|
||||
| What do you call it when the pneumoniae capsule swells in the presence of specific anticapsular serum? | Quellung reaction
🗑
|
||||
| What is the number one cause of bacterial pneumonia? | Strep. pneumoniae
🗑
|
||||
| What are the names of the 2 pneumococcal vaccines and what groups are they given to? | PCV7 (given to children) and PS23 (given to adults)
🗑
|
||||
| Pneumococcal colonies appear to be __ in formation under a microscope. | diplococci
🗑
|
||||
| What sort of media is best for growing isolates of Strep. pneumococcus? | 1. brain-heart transfusion agar 2. trypticase soy agar with sheep RBCs 3. chocolate agar
🗑
|
||||
| Some pneumococcal isolates require what kind of gas for growth? | CO2
🗑
|
||||
| How can you tell Strep. pneumococcus from viridans streptococci? | 1. Optochin diffusion (susceptible) 2. bile solubility (they are bile soluble)
🗑
|
||||
| How are Strep. pneumococcus infections treated? | 1. penicillin 2. erythromycin 3. chloramphenicol
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis? | Viridans streptococci
🗑
|
||||
| Besides blood stream infections, what are common oral problems caused by viridans? | cavities and gingivitis
🗑
|
||||
| Viridans infections are treated with ? | penicillin
🗑
|
||||
| Viridans are the most common isolates associated with bacterial __ and in both native and prosthetic __ infections. | endocarditis, valve
🗑
|
||||
| The presence of __ (a viridan) has a high correlation with gastrointestinal carcinoma. | gallolyticus
🗑
|
||||
| Which viridan is most commonly isolated from the oral cavity and is the primary contributor to oral cavities? | Strep. mutans
🗑
|
||||
| Which streptococci groups possess the M protein? | A, C, G
🗑
|
||||
| All viridan streptococci are PYR __ and LAP __. | PYR negative and LAP positive
🗑
|
||||
| The lack of what separates the viridans streptococci from groups A, B, C, and G? | beta-hemolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Which viridan - when beta-hemolytic - forms a zone of hemolysis that is several times the size of the colony? | S. anginosus
🗑
|
||||
| Group D streptococci can be separated from Enterococcus with the __ test. | PYR (D is negative while Enterococcus is positive)
🗑
|
||||
| Group D strep is susceptible to __ while Enterococcus is resistant. | penicillin
🗑
|
||||
| All species of enterococci produce the cell wall-associated group __ antigen in the Lancefield classification system. | D
🗑
|
||||
| The ability of enterococci to hydrolyze what can be used to differentiate it from group D streptococci? | PYR
🗑
|
||||
| The 2 most common kinds of infection caused by enterococci are ? | 1. UTI 2. bacteremia
🗑
|
||||
| What sort of agar is used to culture enterococci? | Trypticase soy or brain-heart infusion agar with sheep RBCs.
🗑
|
||||
| Enterococci grow best at what temp? | 35C
🗑
|
||||
| Enterococcus faecalis is identified by its ability to grow in ? | tellerite
🗑
|
||||
| Enterococci are resistant to many antimicrobial agents including glycopeptides such as __ and __. | vancomycin and teicoplanin
🗑
|
||||
| Which classification of streptococci produce pus? | pyogenic
🗑
|
||||
| Which classification of streptococci are often found in dairy products? | lactococci
🗑
|
||||
| Which classification of streptococci are part of the normal biota of the human intestine? | enterococci
🗑
|
||||
| Which classification of streptococci are normal biota of the upper respiratory tract? | viridans
🗑
|
||||
| Which classification of streptococci are nonhemolytic and are Lancefield group N? | lactococci
🗑
|
||||
| Bacitracin is useful for presumptive identification of __, which is susceptible to bacitracin. | S. pyogenes
🗑
|
||||
| S. agalactiae is (resistant or susceptible?) to bacitracin. | resistant
🗑
|
||||
| S. agalactiae has the enzyme __ which is useful in identifying it using the hippurate test. | hippurate hydrolase
🗑
|
||||
| The only species of streptococcus that is PYR positive is ? (Enterococcus is also PYR positive.) | S. pyogenes
🗑
|
||||
| A 9-year old boy has a sore throat and fever. His tonsils and pharynx are swollen. After 24 hours of incubation on SBA, colonies with beta-hemolysis grew. Name 3 tests that could be performed to ID the culprit. | 1. bacitracin (culture is sensitive) 2. SXT susceptibility (culture is resistant) 3. immunoassay for group A antigen (Infection is S. pyogenes)
🗑
|
||||
| A beta-hemolytic, catalase negative, gram positive coccus is resistant to bacitracn and sulfamethoxazole. What is the presumptive ID? | Group B streptococci
🗑
|
||||
| The CAMP test is based on enhanced hemolysis between CAMP factor and B-lysin from ? | Staph. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| A nonhemolytic, catalase-negative, gram-positive coccus is PYR-positive. Would the isolate be: A) bile esculin positive B) salt tolerant C) bile soluble D) both A and B. | A and B (bile esculin positive and salt tolerant)
🗑
|
||||
| The optichin test is most valuable in the ID of what? | a-streptococci
🗑
|
||||
| What antimicrobial agent is most commonly used to treat infection of S. pyogenes? | penicillin, though erythromycin can be used if patient allergic
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pyogenes have been associated with what invasive infection? | necrotizing fasciitis (there are other infections, but they are not invasive enough to count as the correct answer)
🗑
|
||||
| What species of strep is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia? | S. pneumoniae/pneumococcus (duh)
🗑
|
||||
| What's the clinical significance of group B strep isolated from a vaginal culture of a pregnant woman? | Neonates can acquire the infection in utero or during delivery.
🗑
|
||||
| How would you recover nutritionally variant streptococci from samples such as blood? | They (Granulicatella and Abiotrophia) need pyridoxl. This can be combined with a blood culture. They can also grow around small pinpoint colonies of Staph. aureus which secretes some pyridoxal.
🗑
|
||||
| Enterobacteriaceae are gram-negative rods that ferment __, reduce nitrate to __, and are oxidase negative. | ferment glucose, reduce nitrate to nitrite
🗑
|
||||
| The VP test detects which end product of glucose fermentation? | acetoin or carbinol
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. capitis can be found on the ? | scalp, forehead, and neck
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. auricularis can be found in the ? | external auditory canal
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. intermedius isn't found on humans, but is found on ? | canines
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. delphini can be found on what aquatic lifeform? | dolphins
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. felis can be found on what household pet? | cats
🗑
|
||||
| Staph. hominis can be found on ? | humans
🗑
|
||||
| These 3 kinds of staph are found most often on humans. Staph. aureus, which is found on __, staph. epidermidis which is found on the __, and staph. saprophyiticus which is found in the __ area. | aureus = mucous membranes, epidermidis = skin, saprophyticus = urino genital area
🗑
|
||||
| The only kind of staph that produces coagulase is ? | staph. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| Streptococcaea are facultative ? | anaerobes
🗑
|
||||
| Staph form in __ (shape) while strep form in __ (shape). | staph form in clusters, strep in chains
🗑
|
||||
| Strep only spreads from the ? | ends of the cells
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pneumoniae, agalactiae and pyogenes are always considered ? | pathogenic
🗑
|
||||
| Partial hemolysis with a green or grey area in the zone is called ? | alpha
🗑
|
||||
| Total hemolysis with a clear or yellow zone is called ? | beta
🗑
|
||||
| Does strep. pyogenes have a capsule? | no
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pyogenes is bacitracin __ and PYR __. | bacitracin sensitive and PYR positive
🗑
|
||||
| Erythrogenic toxins of Strep. pyogenes causes ? | scarlet fever
🗑
|
||||
| Streptolysin O and S of Strep. pyogenes does what? | lyses RBCs
🗑
|
||||
| Streptokinase of Strep. pyogenes breaks down ? | clots
🗑
|
||||
| Hyaluronidase of Strep. pyogenes is a spreading ? | factor
🗑
|
||||
| TSLS is caused by toxins from S. pyogenes. It stands for ? | toxic shock-like syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| Scarlet fever, as caused by Strep. pyogenes, causes redness on the face and what to appear on the tongue? | dots
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 B's of group B streptococcus agalactiae? | boys, boinking, babies
🗑
|
||||
| Besides pneumonia, Strep. pneumoniae causes what 3 things? | 1. conjuctivitis 2. otitis media ear 3. Meningitis
🗑
|
||||
| The capsule of pneumoniae appear to be __ under a microscope. | halos
🗑
|
||||
| Colonies in the __ quadrant of a BAP are usually the problem. | 4th (and maybe 3rd)
🗑
|
||||
| Nuchal rigidity is the classic sign of ? | meningitis
🗑
|
||||
| Viridans cause what 3 kinds of infections? | 1. dental 2. endocarditis 3. bacteremia
🗑
|
||||
| Two viridans strep encountered frequently are ? | 1.Strep. gallolyticus 2. Strep. mitis
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pyogenes is in Lancefield group ? | A
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. agalactiae is in Lancefield group ? | B
🗑
|
||||
| Ent. faecalis is in Lancefield group ? | D
🗑
|
||||
| Ent. faecium is in Lancefield group ? | D
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. dysgalactiae, Strep. equi, are all in Lancfield group ? | C
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. bovis is in Lancefield group ? | D
🗑
|
||||
| Which streptococci are in hemolysis group beta? | 1. S. pyogenes 2. S. agalactiae 3. S. dysgalactiae 4. S. equi
🗑
|
||||
| Which streptococci are in hemolysis group alpha? | S. pneumoniae
🗑
|
||||
| Which streptococci are hemolysis groups alpha and gamma (no hemolysis)? | S. bovis
🗑
|
||||
| Enterococcus are in which hemolysis groups? | alpha, beta, gamma
🗑
|
||||
| What 5 features differentiate Staph. aureus from other species of staph? | 1. coag negative 2. Mannitol fermentation 3. beta-hemolytic 4. protein A 5. exotoxins
🗑
|
||||
| Where is protein A found? | In the cell walls of Staph. aureus
🗑
|
||||
| Name 3 important virulence factors possessed by Staph. aureus? | 1. protein A 2. teichoic acid 3. polysaccharide capsule
🗑
|
||||
| Name the 3 most important exotoxins of Staph. aureus? | 1. enterotoxin 2. TSST 3. exfoliative toxin
🗑
|
||||
| Which toxin is associated with watery nonbloody diarrhea, vomiting? | enterotoxin (food poisoning)
🗑
|
||||
| How long does food poisoning by Staph. enterotoxin last? | about 2 hours
🗑
|
||||
| Which food are associated with Staph. aureus enterotoxin/food poisioning? | stuff with mayo
🗑
|
||||
| Which Staph. aureus toxins act as superantigens? | enterotoxin and TSST
🗑
|
||||
| Describe an impetigo lesion. | bullae and honey crusted
🗑
|
||||
| Impetigo is seen mostly in ? | children
🗑
|
||||
| How are streptococci classified? | by Lancefield group
🗑
|
||||
| Strep. pyogenes and agilactiae are both resistant to ? | bacitracin
🗑
|
||||
| Which type of strep makes M protein? | Strep. pyogenes
🗑
|
||||
| What toxins are associated with Strep. pyogenes? | 1. erthogenic toxin 2. exotoxins A and B 3. streptolysin O and S
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
IsaacJ
Popular Laboratory Science sets