Program organization: install, compile, shared headers, namespaces. "Quiz 2"
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| When should you declare things? | The only rule is to declare things before using them.
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| What is the purpose of a shared header file? | To insure that the declaration and definition of global functions and objects are consistent. They are conventionally inserted with a #include "filename.h"
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| Write a example of using a shared header file. Write out the .h file and two .cpp files. | //prog.h
extern int x;
int f();
//prog1.cpp
#include "prog.h"
int x=0; int main() { f(); return 0; }
//prog2.cpp
include "prog.h"
int f() { return x;}
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| How do you compile your program in UNIX and Windows? | g++ file1.cpp -o hello
./hello
gxx hello.cpp -o hello.exe
>>hello
(-o renames the default a.exe to hello.exe)
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| g++ file.cpp | Compile, produce executable a.out in UNIX
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| g++ file1.cpp file2.o | Compile .cpp and link .o to executable in a.out
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| g++ -Wall | Turn on all warnings
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| g++ -c file1.cpp | Compile to file1.o, do not link
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| g++ -O | Optimize executable for speed
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| g++ -v | Verbose mode
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| g++ -DX=Y | Equivalent to #define X Y
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| g++ --help | Show all g++ options
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| gxx file1.cpp | Compile in Windows MS-DOS box (DJGPP) to A.EXE
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| How do you create a library (namespace)? | #define MYLIB_H namespace mylib {...}
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| What is a trick to guard against possible multiple inclusions of the header file? | Test for it with #ifndef ... #endif on the first and last lines of the code. Don't have a using namespace std;.
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| What are three free GNU GCC compiler packages for Windows? | DJGPP MinGW and Cygwin
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| What is MinGW? | A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
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| What is the procedure to install and configure GNU GCC on Windows? How do you test that you succeeded? | Download MinGW. Install MinGW with C and C++ compilers. Copy the path C:\MinGW\bin to Computer Properties, Advanced System Settings, Environment Variables, Path, Variable Value type a ";" at the end of the string, paste it. Type gcc into the cmd screen.
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