the physiology of respiration
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| quiet breathing | the active contraction of the diaphragm for inspiration followed by passive expiration by elasticity and gravity
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| minute volume | the volume of air involved in one minute of respiration (quiet breathing)
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| residual volume (RV) | the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation
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| tidal volume (TV) | the volume of air exchanged in one cycle of respiration
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| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | the volume of air that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration
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| expiratory reserve volume (ERV) | the volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration; also know as resting lung volume
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| dead air | the volume of air within the conducting passageways that cannot be involved in gas exchange (included as a component of residual volume)
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| vital capacity (VC) | the volume of air that can be inhaled following a maximal exhalation; amount of air potential for speech production; includes inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume (VC = IRV + TV + ERV)
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| functional residual capacity (FRC) | the volume of air in the body at the end of passive exhalation; inculdes expiratory reserve and residual volumes (FRC = ERV + RV)
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| inspiratory capacity (IC) | the maximum inspiratory volume possible after tidal expiration (IC = TV + IRV)
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| total lung capacity (TLC) | the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume (TLC = IC + FRC)
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| subglottal pressure (Ps) | pressure below vocal folds; glottis - opening between the vocal folds
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| intrapleural pressure (Ppl) | pressure in space between parietal and visceral pleurae; always negative
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| 3-5 cm water | minimum driving pressure needed to make vocal folds move
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| 7-10 cm water | conversational speech
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| >10 cm water | loud speech able to be produced
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| nonspeech respiration % | 40% inhalation, 60% exhalation
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| speech production % | 10% inhalation, 90% exhalation
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| checking action | impeding the flow of air out of your inflated lungs by using the muscles of inspiration; lets the air out slowly
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| resting lung volume | the amount of air in your lungs at the bottom of a passive expiration; 38% of vital capacity
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| wet spirometer | measures respiratory flow, volumes, and capacities; jar inside water, inside a jar
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| U-tube Manometer | method used to measure how much pressure a patient can generate
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terriers16
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