Sports Med Terms
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| Anatomical Position | Erect, with palms and feet forward.
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| Frontal Plane | Divides posterior/ anterior (coronal)
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| Sagittal Plane | Divides right/left
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| Transverse Plane | Divides superior/ inferior (horizontal)
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| Superior | Above in trunk or head
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| Inferior | Below in trunk or head
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| Proximal | Relatively close to the attachment
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| Distal | Relatively far from the attachment
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| Anterior | In front of
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| Posterior | Behind
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| Medial | Relatively close to the midline
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| Lateral | Relatively far from the midline
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| Midline | Imaginary vertical line following the midsagittal plane
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| Superficial | Around
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| Deep | Within
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| Prone | Face down
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| Supine | Face up
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| Unilateral | Pertaining to one side
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| Bilateral | Pertaining to both sides
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| Ipsilateral | Pertaining to the same side
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| Contralateral | Pertaining to the opposite side
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| Flexion | Sagittal; decreases the angle of a joint
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| Extension | Sagittal; increases angle of a joint
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| Hyperextension | Sagittal; extends joint past 180 degrees
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| Dorsiflexion | Sagittal; toe up
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| Plantar Flexion | Sagittal; toe down
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| Adduction | Coronal; move towards midline
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| Abduction | Coronal; move away from midline
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| Ulnar Deviation | Coronal; wrist adduction
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| Radial Deviation | Coronal; wrist abduction
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| Ankle Inversion | Coronal; ankle adduction
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| Ankle Eversion | Coronal; ankle abduction
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| Circumduction | Biplanar; (flexion/extension)+(abduction/adduction)
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| Elevation | Coronal; move up
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| Depression | Coronal; move down
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| Rotation | Transverse; spin on axis
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| Supination/ Pronation | Transverse; elbow rotation
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| Protraction | Sagittal; forward
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| Retraction | Sagittal; backward
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| Opposition | Awesome thumb action
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| Abrasion | Minor wound involving rubbing off or scraping of skin's surface
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| Acclimatization | Process of the body physiologically adapting to an unfamiliar environment such as altitude or temperature
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| Acute | Sudden onset
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| Aerobic | Exercise involving oxygen
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| Amnesia | Lack or loss of memory de to trauma, shock, fatigue, or illness
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| Anaerobic | Exercise not involving oxygen
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| Analgesic | Pain-killer
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| Articulation | Site at which bones meet
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| Atrophy | Wasting away of tissue due to lack of use thus decreasing size
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| Avulsion | Tearing or pulling away of tissue
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| Bursa | Fluid-filled joint sack; reduces friction
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| Bursitis | Inflammation of the bursa
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| Cartilage | Padding between bones
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| Chronic | Of long duration
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| Constriction | Pinching off or becoming smaller; contracting
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| Contraindicate | To advise against
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| Contralateral | On opposite side
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| Contusion | Crushing injury usually resulting in a bruise
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| Crepitus | Crackling sound or feeling
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| Cryotherapy | Treatment involving cold
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| Cyanosis | Blueness due to lack of oxygen
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| Diagnosis | Label given to a certain condition by a professional
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| Dilation | State of becoming enlarged
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| Dislocation | Removal of a bone from its joint
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| Ecchymosis | Discoloration
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| Edema | Widespread swelling due to accumulation of fluid in a cavity
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| Effusion | Localized swelling in a joint
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| Fracture | A break in a bone
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| Hematoma | Swelling composed of blood
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| Hydrotherapy | Treatment involving water
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| Incision | Cut w/ sharp knife
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| Indicate | Advise
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| Inflammation | The body's natural reaction to injury involving redness, swelling, heat, pain, sometimes loss of function
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| Innervate | To supply with nerves
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| Joint laxity | Degree of joint looseness
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| Laceration | Jagged tear or cut
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| Ligament | Tissue that connects bone to bone
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| Mechanism of injury | Means by which an injury occurs
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| Modality | Method for treatment
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| Palpation | Examination by touch
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| Point tenderness | Pain at a point
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| Prognosis | Predicted outcome of a condition
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| Proprioception | Sense of body's position in space
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| Range of Motion | Movement of joints around a central point
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| Reduction | Putting a bone back into it's normal position
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| Referred pain | Pain that occurs away from the injury site
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| Separation | Pulling apart of a non-moveable joint
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| Shock | Failure of the cardiovascular system to circulate enough blood
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| Sprain | Stretching or tearing of ligaments
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| Strain | Stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons
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| Subluxation | Partial dislocation
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| Tendon | Tissue connecting muscle to bone
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| Thermotherapy | Treatment involving heat
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| Valgus | Distal segment is lateral
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| Varus | Distal segment is medial
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| Vasoconstrictor | Agent causing constriction of blood vessels
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| Vasodilator | Agent causing dilation of blood vessels
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