Renal
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| Where are the kidneys located? | show 🗑
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| How many layers are there to the kidneys? | show 🗑
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| show | Glomeruli et most of the tubules. Receives a large blood supply, sensitive to changes in BP
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| What does the medulla consist of? | show 🗑
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| How long are the Ureters? | show 🗑
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| show | Apex-upper portion. Neck-inferior portion, contains internal sphincter. Trigone-bounded by the urethra and two ureters (closes during micturition to prevent reflux)
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| To begin micturition which system is stimulated first, sympathetic or parasympathetic? | show 🗑
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| How long is the urethra? | show 🗑
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| show | Functional unit of the kidney 1-1.25mil. Vascular tubular system. Glomerulus which is a mass of blood vessels tucked into -> Bowman's capsule et tubules.
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| show | glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular excretion
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| show | Filtration across a semipermeable membrane. Must have adequate blood volume et hydrostatic pressure.
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| show | Should: H2O, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, Bicarb, PO4 etc plus glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid et amino acids. NO LARGE PROTEINS (WBC, RBC)
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| What is plasma protein found in urine indicative of? | show 🗑
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| Explain tubular reabsorption. | show 🗑
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| What regulates the amount of H2O absorbed? | show 🗑
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| show | Tubular secretions of K et free acids (H) regulate K levels et acid-base balance in conjunction with buffers in the blood et lungs(pH5-7).
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