Review of key plant unit terms
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| cuticle | the waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of some plants
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| tissue | a group of cells that perform a specific function in an organism
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| vascular tissue | the internal transporting tissue in some plants that is made up of tubelike structures
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| fertilization | the joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell
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| zygote | a fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm and an egg
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| gamete | a sperm cell or an egg cell
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| phloem | the vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants
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| xylem | the vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in some plants
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| seed | the plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering
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| germination | the early growth stage of the embryo plant in a seed
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| embryo | the young plant that develops from a zygote
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| stomata | the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move
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| transpiration | the process by which water is lost through a plant’s leaves
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| gymnosperm | a plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed by a protective covering
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| cone | the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm
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| pollen | tiny particles produced by plants that contain the microscopic cells that later become sperm cells
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| ovule | a plant structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell
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| pollination | the transfer of pollen from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures in plants
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| angiosperm | a plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in a protective structure
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| ovary | a protective structure in plants that encloses the developing seeds
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| flower | the reproductive structure of an angiosperm
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| petal | one of the colorful, leaflike structures of a flower
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| sepal | a leaflike structure that encloses the bud of a flower
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| stamen | the male reproductive parts of a flower
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| pistil | the female reproductive parts of a flower
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| sporophyte | the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces spores for reproduction
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| gametophyte | the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells
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| cotyledon | a seed leaf that stores food
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| cambium | the layer of cells in a plant that produces new phloem and xylem cells
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| root cap | a structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury
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| fruit | the ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds of an angiosperm
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| dicot | an angiosperm that has two seed leaves
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| monocot | an angiosperm that has only one seed leaf
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