Ecosystems in Marine
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| plankton | the general term for the tiny, free-floating or weakly swimming organisms that live in both freshwater and saltwater environments
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| phytoplankton | single-celled algae
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| zooplankton | planktonic animals
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| wetland | an ecosystem in which water either covers the soil or is present at or near the surface of the soil for at least part of the year
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| estuaries | wetlands formed when rivers meet the sea
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| detritus | particles of organic matter that provide food for organisms at the base of an estuary's food web
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| salt marshes | temperate-zone estuaries dominated by salt-tolerant grasses above the low-tide line, and by seagrasses under water
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| mangrove swamps | coastal wetlands that are widespread across tropical regions
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| photic zone | well-lit upper layer of the oceans
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| aphotic zone | permanently dark layer of the oceans below the photic zone
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| zonation | the prominent horizontal banding of organisms that live in a particular habitat
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| coastal ocean | marine zone that extends from the low-tide mark to the end of the continental shelf
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| continental shelf | the relatively shallow border that surrounds the continents
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| kelp forests | coastal ocean community named for its dominant organism
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| coral reefs | diverse and productive environment named for the coral animals that make up its primary structure
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| open ocean | the largest marine zone; begins at the edge of the continental shelf and extends outward
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| benthic zone | the ocean floor
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| benthos | organisms that live attached to or near the bottom of the ocean floor
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