BYU Pdbio 305 Rhees Digestive System
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| digestive system | show 🗑
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| amylase | show 🗑
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| daily secretion of saliva and pH | show 🗑
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| large parotid | show 🗑
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| show | viral desease of the parotid salivary gland
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| show | inflammation of parotid gland
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| ptyalocele | show 🗑
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| how many taste buds and taste cells per bud | show 🗑
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| achalasia | show 🗑
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| symptoms of achalasia | show 🗑
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| show | abnormal parasympathetic stimulation, drinking cold liquids
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| show | careful diagnosis to rule out heart problems; surgery or use of a special dilating balloon
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| hiatal hernia | show 🗑
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| show | blus of food, saliva, and gastric juices
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| show | also known as chief cells; secrete pepsinogen which becomes pepsin which digests proteins
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| show | secrete HCl and intrinsic factor; HCl kills bacteria and converts pepsinogen; intrinsic factor allos the ileum of the small intestine to absorb vitamin B12 which is required for erythopoiesis (pernicious anemia if lacking in intrinsic factor)
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| pyloric sphincter | show 🗑
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| show | narrowing of the pyloric sphincter cuased by enlagement of circular muscle fibers. The major symptom is projectile vomiting (more common in males)
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| 3 types of peptic ulcers | show 🗑
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| peptic ulcer | show 🗑
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| show | stress, poor eating habits, excess vagal stimulation, hypersecretion of HCl or pepsin, hypersecretion of adrenal corticoids, lack of mucus, presence of irritating chemicals in the GI tract (steroids, anti-inflammatoryagents,caffeine,alcohol,tobacco,aspiri
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| % of population with ulcers | show 🗑
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| show | surgery or diet or drugs
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| show | treatment for peptic ulcers; blocks the H2 receptors in the stomach and decrease secretion of HCl
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| Helicobacter pylori | show 🗑
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| bacteria that may cause peptic ulcers | show 🗑
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| how to kill H. Pylori | show 🗑
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| show | relaxation of cardiac sphincter and strong contraction of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. cuased by toxic food, gagging, too much digestion, intense pain, dizziness, sight or smell of unpleasant things
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| show | 2
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| show | 5.7
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| pH of sweat | show 🗑
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| show | 6.4
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| pH of breast milk | show 🗑
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| pH of blood | show 🗑
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| show | 7-9
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| show | 20 feet
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| secretion of intestinal juice | show 🗑
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| show | 7.6
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| what % of digestion takes place in small intestine | show 🗑
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| show | duodenum, jejunum, ileum
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| show | peptidase
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| show | arbohydrates
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| show | lipase
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| show | large intestine
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| three divisions of large intestine | show 🗑
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| show | ileocecal valve
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| show | ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid (pelvic)
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| functions of large intestine | show 🗑
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| show | parasympathetic constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or any other canal to move contents along
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| show | bulk (bran and fiber), lubricants (mineral oil), mineral salts (Mg; they are not absorbed so they increase the osmotic pressure of the fecal material), irritants (speed up rate of preistalsis
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| show | infection from burst appendix that spreads from the gut to the lining of the abdominal cavity
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| show | called spastic colitis; caused by emotional stress
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| show | abdominal exit is made for the colon
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| dysentery | show 🗑
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| liver | show 🗑
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| show | bile
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| 8 functions of liver | show 🗑
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| cirrhosis | show 🗑
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| hepatitis | show 🗑
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| show | yellow color of skin and mucous membranes due to excessive free bilirubin
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| show | stores, concentrates, releases bile
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| show | 600-1000 ml/day
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| how much liquid can gallbladder store | show 🗑
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| show | from gallbladder to common bile duct
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| hepatic ducts | show 🗑
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| sphincter of ampull | show 🗑
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| regulation of bile release (4 things) | show 🗑
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| gallstones | show 🗑
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| endocrine function of pancreas | show 🗑
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| exocrine function of pancreas | show 🗑
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| amount of pancreatic fluid released each day and pH | show 🗑
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| pancreatic juice enzymes | show 🗑
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| show | enterokinase enzyme
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| show | increased parasympathetic activity, secretion, contraction , release of gastrin (hormone)
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| show | gastrin is a hormone released by G cells in the stomach
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| what stimulates the secretion of gastrin | show 🗑
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| gastrin causes the followin | show 🗑
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| two hormones secreted by the si that regulate pancreatic secretion | show 🗑
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| show | secreted by S cells in SI because of drop in pH in duodenum b/c of too much acid; secretin travles in blood to pancreas which secretes bicarbonate
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| CCK cholocystokinin in pancreatic secretion regulation | show 🗑
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| show | released from I cells in duodenum and upper jejunal mucosa when fats and proteins enter si. stimulates contraction of gallbladder and relaes of bile to digest lipids
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| show | construiction of complex molecules from simple building blocks
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| catabolism | show 🗑
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| show | cannot be formed in the body so they must be ingested. Ex: amino acids, vitamins, minerals
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| nervous tissue can only use what as energy source | show 🗑
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| show | fat-bile->fat globules-lipase->glycerol and fatty acids
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| show | protein->polypeptides->small polypeptides and aa->aa=amino acids
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| show | insulin
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| glycogen | show 🗑
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| process of making glycogen from glucose is called | show 🗑
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| glycogenolysis | show 🗑
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| glycolysis | show 🗑
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| show | when O2 is present, the two pyruvic acid molecules are converted to 2 acetyl coenzyme A's by a process called pyruvate decarboxylation
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| show | citric acid cycle; acetyl portion of acetyl CoA is degraded to CO2 and H atoms; occur in matrix of mitochondria;
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| show | oxidation of hydrogen atoms
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| summary of ATP production | show 🗑
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| % of caloried in our diet from fats | show 🗑
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| show | acetoacetic acid
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| show | yes
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