GU
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| show | recieve 20% of bld from heart
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| show | 1.Renal Corpuscle-Glomerulus, Bowmans capsule.2.Renal tubule-proximal,loop of henle,distal,collecting
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| show | area that the artery/veins,nerves,lymphatic vessels,and ureter pass through tto enter the kidney
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| show | outer region
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| show | inner region
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| show | project into hollow space of the renal pelvis
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| show | cortical and medullary tissue
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| urine leaves kidney though | show 🗑
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| Nephron physiology | show 🗑
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| show | 1.glomerular filtration2.reabsorption,3,secretion
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| show | 60 mm/Hg
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| show | 180L/day (125 cc/min)1-2L urine/day
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| show | lined with microvilli,contains protein pumps/mitochondria-reabsorbs H2o, and solutes.65% is reabsorbed(H2o,Na++,K+,glucose,urea,HCO3)
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| Descending loop pf Henle | show 🗑
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| Ascending loop and beginning distal tubule | show 🗑
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| show | baroreceptors monitor osmolarity of filtrate-absorb(H2O,Na++,HCO3)-secrete -low osmolarity(urea,K+,H+,some drugs)
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| show | respond to hormones-aldosterone/ADH,monitor acid base balance of fluid
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| Angiotenson II | show 🗑
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| Aldosterone | show 🗑
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| show | secreted from posterior pituitary-distal and collecting-effects:increased reabsorption of water
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| show | secreted by Rt atrium when pressure in the atria increases-target tissue-distal /collecting,Effects:ADH secretion is inhibited, decreased reabsorption of Na and CL,urine is released
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| show | catecholamines released,=vasoconstriction and decreased renal bld flow
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| Reabsorption /secretion occur by | show 🗑
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| Glucose | show 🗑
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| show | 1/2 is filtered in glomerulus,reabsorbed in proximal,contributes to osmotic gradient in medulla-necessary for concentration/dilution of urine-1/2 secreted in distal tubule-byproduct of protein metabolism- (urea not excreted becomes ammonia)
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| show | checks blood urea nitrogen-normal BUN=8-21 mg/dl
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| show | waste product of metabolism within muscle cells-normal level=0.6-1.2 mg/dL, larger than urea so its not reabsorbed
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| show | blood level of creatine and urea
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| show | renin released from kidneys due to low pressure-acts on angiotensin-produces angiotensinI.then converted in lungs to angio II by ACE-takes 20 mins
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| show | found in lumen of most vessels and high in the lungs-converts angio I to Angio II
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| show | potent vasoconstrictor-stimulates production of aldosterone=kidneys reabsorb Na+=intravascular volume is maintained
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| Erythropoietin | show 🗑
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| Bladder | show 🗑
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| Micturition | show 🗑
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| Visceral pain | show 🗑
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| show | pain originates in a region other then where it is felt
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| show | a sudden decrease in filtration through the glomeruli-urine output <400-500cc/day (oliguria)
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| 1.Prerenal ARF | show 🗑
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| Prerenal causes | show 🗑
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| show | caused by problems that originate inside the kidney-small vesse/glom damage,tubular cell/interstitial damage-often immune mediated,Type 1DM,systemic lupus,
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| show | Caused by organ problems on back side of kidneys-obstruction of both ureters,bladder,urethra(rapid edema,retention of K+, acidosis)
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| show | 1.injury to small vessels/golom injury.2.tubular cell death 3.Interstitial nephritis-(antibiotics,nsaids,diureticshigh BP drugs)
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| S/S | show 🗑
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| BUN to Creatine ratio | show 🗑
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| show | urine smell to breath,pyuria,hematuria,glycosuria,n/v,pruitis,rash,diarrhea,confusion,drowsy,convulsions, coma
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| show | progressive, irreversible systemic dx-instability noticed when 80% of nephrons are dead-dialysis or transplant needed-requires dialysis every 2-3 days-most cases caused by systemic diseases,HYPOTENSION,HEPERKALEMIA,QT PROLONGATION
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| show | HTN,DM,atherosclerosis,glomerulonephritis,lupus,nephrotoxins,infections-most damade affects the glomeruli
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| Outcomes of CRF | show 🗑
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| S/S | show 🗑
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| Dialysis | show 🗑
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| show | 1.bleeding from puncture site,lacal infection,narrowing or closing of internal fistula
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| show | uses peritoneal membrane,dialysate is put in peritoneal cavity, absorbs toxins and then returns out-takes 10-12 hrs-reduces risk of fluid and elctrolyte shifts
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| show | crystal aggregation in kidneys collecting system,>men,hereditary.Causes=immobilization,meds,dehydration,cns disorders,gout,hyperparathyroidism-made of calcium oxalate and calcium phosohate
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| Lithrotripsy | show 🗑
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| show | Ca/ammonium/phos,triphosphate-associated with UTI's,bladder caths
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| Uric acid stones | show 🗑
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| show | least common (sulfur containing amino acid) due to cystine in filtrate/hereditary
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| show | vague,visceral flank pain.within 30-60 mins becomes extremely sharp-radiates to lower quadrants,migrating pain means it has moved to lowest 3rd of ureter
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| UTI's | show 🗑
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| Urethritis | show 🗑
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| Prostitis | show 🗑
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| Pyelonephritis (upper GI) | show 🗑
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| show | form within renal parenchyma-
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| Epididymitis | show 🗑
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| Testicular Torsion | show 🗑
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| Nephron | show 🗑
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| Micturion reflex | show 🗑
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| show | small, button-shaped device with a rubber septum that can be punctured with a dialysis needle
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| show | congestive heart failure
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| show | renin.
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| show | antidiuretic hormone is released into the bloodstream
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| show | amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys per minute
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| show | inhibiting sodium resorption in the kidneys
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| show | water initially shifts from the bloodstream into the cerebrospinal fluid, causing an increase in intracranial pressure.
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| show | glomerulus
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| Azotemia is defined as | show 🗑
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| Oliguria | show 🗑
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Created by:
rebeccabelleth
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