absite immunol
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| role of helper T cells | rel IL2,4, delayed type hypersensitivity
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| describe difft type of T helper cells | TH1=rel of proinflamm cytokines (IL2, INF gamma); TH2=rel of anti inflamm IL4
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| 2 role IL4, rel by, involved in what dz | rel by TH2, causes B cells to mature into plasma cells, anti inflamm by inhibiting macrophages, involved in atopy/allergy
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| role IL2, rel by | rel by TH1, causes maturation cytotoxic T cells
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| CD marker for helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells | CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic
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| cell mediated immunity is by which cells | T cells
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| TB test is test of which type of immunity | cell mediated
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| deficit in cell mediated immunity leads to what type of infxns | viral, TB
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| fxn of cytotoxic T cells | recognize and attack non self Ag on MHCI
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| humoral immunity due to which cells | B cells
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| what causes B cells to become plasma cells? This rel from which cells? | TH2 rel IL4
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| name 2 main MHC classes and subsets | MHCI (A,B,C), MHCII (DR, DP, DQ)
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| describe MHCI | CD8 activation (for cytotoxic T cells), present on all nucleated cells, a single chain w 5domains
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| what cells have MHCII | B cells, dendrites, monocytes, Ag presenting cells
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| describe MHCII | activator to TH cells (CD4 activation), to stimulate Ab formation
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| how does viral infxn cause Ab production | viral proteins get bound to MHCI, go to cell surface and recognized by B cells
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| how does bac infxn cause Ab production | endocytosis, then presented by MHCII
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| how are natural killer cells different from T cells | not restricted by MHC, don't need previous exposure, don't need Ag presentation…neither T or B cells
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| cancer surveillance is done by | Natural killer cells
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| which Ab can cross placenta | IgG
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| where IgA found | secretions, peyer's patches in GI, breast milk
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| role of IgA | prevent microbial adherence and invasion in gut
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| what is IgD, role | membrane bound protein on B cells, Ag receptor
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| key roles igE | parasite infxn, allergic rxns
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| key roles of IgG and IgM | opsonins and fix complement (need 2 IgG and 1 IgM)
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| what recognizes constant region of Ig | PMN and macrophages
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| types of hypersensitivity | ACID-anaphyl, cytotoxic, immune complex, delayed
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| mech of type I hypersensitivity and exs | preformed IgE on mast cells that the Ag crosslinks; anaphylaxis (MC food, also bee stings), allergic rhinitis/hay fever
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| mech of type II hypersensitivity | Ab formed by immune reaction--> Ab and complement--> MAC to cell lysis
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| exs type II hypersensitivity | MACs cause BITTER (HA)M GoG (destroy cells): bullous pemphigoid, ITP (plt Ab), transfusion, hyperacute/ABO incompatibility/hemo anemia, myasthenia gravis, Good pasteur (other GN are III), Graves
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| mech of type III hypersensitivity and exs | immune complex, IC cause LARG PANSS (nodules): Lupus (think renal bx), arthrus rxn (local vasculitis s/p vaccine), RA (think nodules), GN, PAN (think bx) serum sickness
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| mech of type IV hypersensitivity and exs | delayed t cell->activated macro T cell cause triple T DAMaGe Transplant, TB PPD, Touch, DMI, Autoimmune thyroiditis, MS, Guillan Barre
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| what type of rxn is contrast | anaphylactoid-mast degranulation but not IgE mediated, doesn't req prev sensitization
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| histamine in blood comes from what cells, in tissue comes from what cells | basophils, mast cells
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| what are the 1ry lymphoid organs? 2ry? | liver, bone, thymus; spleen, LN
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| what pt would have immunologic chimera | BM trxp
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| what does IL2 do to lymphocytes, what dz is it helpful for | converts lymphocytes to lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells and tumor-infiltrating lymph; good for melanocyte
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| when to give tetanus incompletely immunized clean wound? Contam wound? | if <3 Td doses or unk tetanus status: give Td if clean minor, give Td + TIG if contam
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| when to give tetanus completely immunized depending on last booster...clean wound? Contam wound? | never give TIG, if clean minor >10y give Td; if contam and >5yr since booster give Td
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| when give TIG for wound | incompletely immunized (<3Td) and contaminated
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