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absite abx
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what's the diff antiseptic, disinfectant | antiseptic kills and inhibits organisms on body, disinfectant kills and inhibits on inanimate |
| MOA cephalo | inhibit cell wall synthesis |
| MOA clinda | inhibits protein synthesis (50S ribosome) |
| MOA vanc | inhibit cell wall synthesis |
| MOA tetracycline | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome) |
| MOA aminoglycoside | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome) |
| what's MOA flagyl | O2 radicals break up DNA |
| MOA erythro | inhibits protein synthesis (50S ribosome) |
| MOA linezolid | inhibits protein synthesis (30S ribosome) |
| which Abx act on 50S | clinda, erythro |
| MC method of Abx resistance | txr of plasmids |
| which Abx act on cell wall synthesis | PCN, cephalo, carbapenems/monobactam, vanc |
| what's MOA rifampin | inhib RNA polymerase |
| which Abx act on 30S | tetracycline, aminoglycoside, linezolid |
| what's MOA sulfonamides | PABA analog that inihibits purine synthesis |
| MOA trimethoprim | inhibits purine synthesis |
| MOA carbapenem | inhibit cell wall synthesis |
| mechanism of MRSA resistance | mutations of cell wall binding protein (same for VRE) |
| appropriate peak/troughs for Vanc | peak 20-40, trough 5-10 |
| appropriate peak/troughs for Gent | peak 6-10, trough <1 |
| what bugs PCN for (5) | Strep incl Strep pyo (nec fasciitis),Syph, N Mening, C Perf, Anthrax |
| what's a name of a monobactam | Aztreonam |
| is PCN effective ag Entero | no (would need amp/amox) |
| how is amp/amox better than PCN | entero cvg |
| Unasyn (amp/sulbactam) and Augmentin (amox/clavulonic) cover what? What not covered? | Staph, Strep, GNR +/-anaer, Entero |
| what are sulbactam and clavulonate | b lactamase inhibitors |
| Zosyn covers | broad spectrum w Staph, Strep, GNR, anaer, PSEUDO, Acinobacter, Serratia |
| SE Zosyn | inhibits plts, high salt load |
| name 1st, 2nd, 3rd gen cephalo | 1: cefazolin (Ancef), cephalexin; 2: cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefurozime; 3: ceftriax, cefepime, cefotaxime |
| which 1st gen cephalo is best ppx? 2nd gen? | Ancef (cefazolin), cefotetan bc longest t 1/2 |
| cvg 1st gen cephalo, what doesn't cover | Staph, Strep, doesn't cover Entero and doesn't penetrate CNS |
| cvg 2nd gen, what doesn't cover | Strep, GNR (only community acquired), +/- anaerobe but not PSEUDO, Acinebacter, Serratia or ENTERO |
| SE 2nd gen cephalo related to heart | long QT |
| positive Coombs seen w which cephlo | 1st gen |
| which cephalo covers Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia? | 3rd gen |
| which cephalo covers Entero | none |
| cvg 3rd gen cephalo | mostly GNR +/- anaerobes, not Entero, does cover Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia |
| SE 3rd gen cephalo | cholestatic jaundice and GB sludge w ceftriax |
| cvg of monobactam (Aztreonam) | GNR, incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia |
| names of carbapenems | meropenem, imipenem |
| cvg meropenem, imipenem | broad spectrum for Staph/Strep, GNR, Anaer. NOT MRSA, Entero, Pseudo |
| what does cilastin do for meropenem/imipenem | prevents renal hydrolysis of Rx and increases t 1/2 |
| SE carbapenems | sz |
| cvg bactrim | GNR +/- Staph/Strep, NOT Pseudo, Entero, Acinebacter, Serratia |
| SE bactrim | teratogen, allergy (sulfa), renal damage, SJ, hemolysis in G6PD |
| cvg quinolones | Stpah, Strep mostly GNR incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia but NOT ENTERO |
| what % MRSA do quinolones cover, is IV or PO better? | 40%, IV and PO equivalent |
| cvg aminoglycosides | GNR incl Pseudo, Acinebacter, Serratia, NOT ANAEROBES or ENTERO |
| cvg macrolides (Erythro, Azithro) | Staph/Strep, atypical PNA bugs |
| use of Erythro/Azithro | CAP and atypical PNA |
| SE Erythro/Azithro | Nausea, cholestasis (IV), binds motilin and helps GI motility |
| how does Erythro help GI motility | binds motilin |
| cvg Vanc | Staph/Strep inc MRSA, Entero, C dif |
| SE Vanc | HTN, Redman syndrome, renal and ototoxicity |
| how tx vanc resistant MRSA | linezolid |
| tx VRE | amox or amp or linezolid |
| tx MRSA | vanc |
| tx Pseudo PNA | zosyn or cefepime/ceftaz; aztreonam if PCN allergy; tobra/gent |
| cvg tetracycline | Staph/Strep, certain intracellul incl Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, Also Vibrio, Lyme, Syph |
| SE tetracycline | tooth discoloration in children |
| what's clinda used for | aspiration PNA, anaerobes above diaphragm, C perfringens |
| SE clinda | Pseudomem colitis |
| use of flagyl | anaerobes below diaphragm |
| SE flagyl | disulfam like rxn, peripheral neuropathy |
| SE amph B | nephrotoxic, F, decrsd K, hypotension, anemia |
| MOA amph B | binds sterols in wall and alters wall permeability |
| what fungal org fluc and ketoconazole doesn't cover | Candida |
| 4 TB Rx and SE | Isoniazid (liver toxic, B6 defic), rifampin (liver toxic, GI sympt), pyrazinamid (liver toxic), ethambutol (retrobulbar neuritis) |
| SE ganciclovir | decrsd BM, CNS toxicity |
| when is periop Abx given | 2hr before incision |
Created by:
ehstephns
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