Respiration & Speech
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| Checking action | inspiratory muscle activity during exhalation to counter act too much relaxation pressure
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| Alveolar pressure (Palv) | pressure inside the lungs
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| Diaphragm | divides the torso into two compartments- it enlarges the thoracic cavity
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| Expiratory reserve volume(ERV) | maximum volume of air that can be expired from the tidal end-expiratory level
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| Functional reserve capacity(FRC) | residual + expiratory reserve volume
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| Inspiratory capacity (IC) | tidal + inspiratory reserve volume
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| Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | maximum volume of air that can be inspired from tidal-end-inspiratory level
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| Larynx as a respiratory structure | the larynx has the ability to control the rate at which air flows through it causing less or more pressure
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| Lower airway | larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs
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| Lungs | porous and spongy, contain elastic fibers, right lung has 3 lobes, left lung has 2, covered by membrane known as visceral pleura
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| Parietal pleura | membrane lining the inner chest wall
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| Pleural linkage | the contact between visceral and parietal pleura that causes pleural linkage. this is a force that allows the lungs from collapsing.
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| Pleural pressure | the pressure inside the thorax but outside the lungs.
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| Relaxation pressure (Pr) | pressure produced entirely by the passive force of the breathing apparatus
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| Residual volume(RV) | volume of air in the pulmonary apparatus at the end of a maximum expiration. there is always some air in the lungs that cannot be exhaled.
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| Resting expiratory level (REL) | tidal-end expiratory level during quiet breathing
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| Ribs | during inhalation- rib cage moves up and out
during exhalation- rib cage moves down and in
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| Sternum | chest bone the ribs connect to
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| Thorax | cavity containing the respiratory muscles and structures
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| Tidal volume(TV) | volume of air inspired or expired during the breathing cycle. (resting tidal volume)
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| Total lung capacity(TLC) | volume of air in the pulmonary apparatus at the end of a maximum inspiration. IRV+TV+ERV+RV
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| Upper airway | oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharyngeal cavity
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| Visceral pleura | membrane the covers the lungs- involved in pleural linkage
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| Vital capacity | maximum volume of air that can be expired following a maximum inspiration. IRV+TV+ERV
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