Chpt. 2 Med Terms
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| Abdominal Cavity | contains primarily the major organs of digestion
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| Adenectomy | Surgical removal of a gland
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| Adenocarcinoma | a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue
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| Adenoma | a benign tumor that arises in or resembles, glandular tissue
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| Adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland
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| Adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the gland
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| Anaplasia | change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other
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| Anatomy | The study of structures in the body
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| Anomaly | deviatation from what is regarded as normal
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| Anterior | situated in front
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| Aplasia | defective development, or the congenitial absence of an organ or tissue
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| Bloodborne Transmission | is the spread of a disease through contact with the blood
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| Caudal | toward the lower part of the body
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| Cephalic | means toward the head
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| Chromosomes | genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell
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| Communicable Disease | any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either by direct or indirect contact
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| Congenital Disorder | abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
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| Cytoplasm | material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus
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| Distal | situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure
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| Dorsal | refers to the back of the organ or body
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| Dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues or organs
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| Endemic | refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within population, group, or area
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| Endocrine Glands | which produses hormones
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| Epidemic | is a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area
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| Epigastric Region | is located above the stomach
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| Etiology | is the study of the causes of disease
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| Exocrine Glands | such as sweat glands, secret chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs out the body
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| Functional Disorders | produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical can be identified
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| Genetic Disorder | a pathological condition caused by absent or defective gene
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| Geriatrician | a physician that specializes in the care of older people
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| Hemophilia | a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which the blood-clotting factor is missing
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| Histology | is the study of the structure compositin and fuction of tissues
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| Homeostasis | process through which body maintains a constant internal enviornment
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| Hyperplasia | the enlargment of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissue
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| Hypertrophy | general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size
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| Hypogastric Region | located below the stomach
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| Hypoplasia | incomplete development of an organ or usually due to dificency in the number of cells
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| Iatrogenic Illness | an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment
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| Idiopathic Disorder | illness caused without known cause
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| Infectious Disease | an illness caused by a living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses
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| Inguinal | relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of abdomen
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| Medial | direction toward or nearer the midline
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| Mesentry | fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestines to the interior abdominal wall
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| Midsagittal Plane | also known as the midline, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves
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| Nosocomial Infection | disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
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| Pandemic | refers to an outbreak of a disease occurindg over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide
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| Pelvic Cavity | space formed by hip bones and it contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory system
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| Peritoneum | multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity
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| Peritonis | inflammation of the peritoneum
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| Phenyiketonuria | commonly known as PKU, is a genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing
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| Physiology | Study of functions of the structures of the body
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| Posterior | situated in the back
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| Proximal | situated nearest the midline or the beginning of a body structure
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| Retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneum
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| Stem Cells | are undifferintiated cells that unlike any specific adult cell, however, they have the important ability to form any adult cell
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| Thoracic Cavity | also known as the chest cavity ot thorax. surrounds and protects the heart and lungs
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| Transverse Plane | horizintal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions
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| Umbilicus | commonly known as the belly button
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| Ventral | refers to the front, or belly side, of the organ or body
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| Vector-borne Transmission | the spread of certain disease due to the bite of a vector. Vectors are insects such as flies, mites, fleas, ticks, rats, & dogs
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