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Chpt. 2 Med Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abdominal Cavity | contains primarily the major organs of digestion |
| Adenectomy | Surgical removal of a gland |
| Adenocarcinoma | a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue |
| Adenoma | a benign tumor that arises in or resembles, glandular tissue |
| Adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland |
| Adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the gland |
| Anaplasia | change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other |
| Anatomy | The study of structures in the body |
| Anomaly | deviatation from what is regarded as normal |
| Anterior | situated in front |
| Aplasia | defective development, or the congenitial absence of an organ or tissue |
| Bloodborne Transmission | is the spread of a disease through contact with the blood |
| Caudal | toward the lower part of the body |
| Cephalic | means toward the head |
| Chromosomes | genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell |
| Communicable Disease | any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either by direct or indirect contact |
| Congenital Disorder | abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth |
| Cytoplasm | material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus |
| Distal | situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure |
| Dorsal | refers to the back of the organ or body |
| Dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues or organs |
| Endemic | refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within population, group, or area |
| Endocrine Glands | which produses hormones |
| Epidemic | is a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area |
| Epigastric Region | is located above the stomach |
| Etiology | is the study of the causes of disease |
| Exocrine Glands | such as sweat glands, secret chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs out the body |
| Functional Disorders | produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical can be identified |
| Genetic Disorder | a pathological condition caused by absent or defective gene |
| Geriatrician | a physician that specializes in the care of older people |
| Hemophilia | a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which the blood-clotting factor is missing |
| Histology | is the study of the structure compositin and fuction of tissues |
| Homeostasis | process through which body maintains a constant internal enviornment |
| Hyperplasia | the enlargment of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissue |
| Hypertrophy | general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size |
| Hypogastric Region | located below the stomach |
| Hypoplasia | incomplete development of an organ or usually due to dificency in the number of cells |
| Iatrogenic Illness | an unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment |
| Idiopathic Disorder | illness caused without known cause |
| Infectious Disease | an illness caused by a living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria and viruses |
| Inguinal | relating to the groin, refers to the entire lower area of abdomen |
| Medial | direction toward or nearer the midline |
| Mesentry | fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestines to the interior abdominal wall |
| Midsagittal Plane | also known as the midline, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves |
| Nosocomial Infection | disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting |
| Pandemic | refers to an outbreak of a disease occurindg over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide |
| Pelvic Cavity | space formed by hip bones and it contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory system |
| Peritoneum | multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity |
| Peritonis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
| Phenyiketonuria | commonly known as PKU, is a genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing |
| Physiology | Study of functions of the structures of the body |
| Posterior | situated in the back |
| Proximal | situated nearest the midline or the beginning of a body structure |
| Retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneum |
| Stem Cells | are undifferintiated cells that unlike any specific adult cell, however, they have the important ability to form any adult cell |
| Thoracic Cavity | also known as the chest cavity ot thorax. surrounds and protects the heart and lungs |
| Transverse Plane | horizintal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
| Umbilicus | commonly known as the belly button |
| Ventral | refers to the front, or belly side, of the organ or body |
| Vector-borne Transmission | the spread of certain disease due to the bite of a vector. Vectors are insects such as flies, mites, fleas, ticks, rats, & dogs |
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