| Question | Answer |
| What are the 2 major divisions in the nervous system? | Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| What are the 2 functions basis neurons may be categories? | Presynaptic
Postsynaptic |
| Divisions of the sub cortical or the brain? 4 | Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Diencephalon |
| Individuals neuron and its breakdown into parts? 3 | Axon
Dendrites
Cell body |
| Cortical Hemispheres and the lobes? 4 | Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital |
| Limbic System 2 | Hippocampus
Amygdala |
| Ventricular System 3 | Lateral Ventricles
3rd Ventricle
4th Ventricle |
| Thalamus and its function | it relays sensory info to the appropriate place in the brain lies below the cortex in each hemisphere of the brain |
| What disorders are associated with the angular and supeamarginal gyri? 4 | Alexia reading
Agraphia writing
Aclculia calculating
Aphasia language |
| Motor tract | Pyramidal motor system |
| Coordination mechanisms for control of motor functions? 2 | Basil Ganglia
Cerebellum |
| Stimulated nerve and its conduction? | action potential (electrical impulses) |
| Dendrites and directionality? | toward cell body |
| Synaptic cleft | 100 angstroms |
| UMN if it gets lesion what happens? 2 | spastic muscle
LMN faccid muscle |
| Epilepsy | Random erratic discharge of action potentials and neurons "acting crazy" |
| Epilepsy begins in | Temporal lobe/Foci |
| Someone who is epileptic will have a feeling before they have a seizure what is this pre-epileptic event called? | Aura |
| Lateral fissure where is it and what doe it do? | right and left hemispheres |
| What are the 3 levels of meninges that can have disease there protective, keeps the cerebral spinal fluid in, exists in central canal up through the center of the spinal cord?3 | dura matter
arachnoid
pia matter |
| Area 312 | Somatosensory strip in parietal lobe |
| Blood flow arties Broca's aphasia | Middle cerebral artery is clogged |
| Circle of Willis | Provides a mixing of blood b/w the two hemispheres/ spider like structure |
| 2 Cortical hemispheres | right
left cortical hemispheres (white, long axonic fiber) |
| Progressive neurological disease | Alzheimer's
MS
Parkinson's |
| Cortical symbol function | Left hemisphere
language processing, speech, calculations, verbal meaning
Right hemisphere
processing and regulating pragmatic skills, visual and spatial concepts |
| Broadman brain area | area 22 Wernicke's perspective of comprehension of speech
Motor movements with speech area 44 Broca's |
| Grammatical and phonological rules | linguistic competence
long term memory |
| Aphasia | ideation/cognition, symbolization, motor encoding, ascending, transmissive |
| Paramental motor system | cortical bulbar and cortical spinal |
| Electrical propagation | action potential |
| Color of neural tissue | gray |
| Breakdown of the central nervous system? 4 | Cerebral hemispheres
Cortex
Brain stem
Spinal cord |
| Thalamus location | diencephalons |
| relationship b/w Broca's and Wernickes | Arcuate Fasciculus |
| Aphasia producing lesions 3 | ischemia
embolic stroke
thrombosis |
| Circle of Willis ins and outs 2 | Anterior cerebral artery
anterior communicating artery |
| Relationship b/w 3rd and 4th ventricles? | cerebral aqueduct |
| What are the ventricles filled with? | CSF |
| Relationship b/w the dorsal horn and the motor horn and reflex behavior? | internucial neuron |
| Hescials gyrus | area 41&42
auditory cortical tissue
temporal love inferior sylvian fissure |
| Verbal apraxic errors? | motor encoding |
| Relationship b/w neurons? | synaptic cleft |
| Hearing oneself as they talk? | auditory feedback |
| What is a disease that attacks the junction progressively? | Alzheimer's |
| Name the Sulci of the brain? 3 | Longitudinal fissure
Lateral/Sylvian fissure
Central Sulcus |
| Lower motor neuron synonym? | final pathway |
| Precentral gyrus aka | motor strip area 4
Cell of Betz |
| Synonym for Postcentral gyrus? | Somatosensory strip
Primary sensory cortex
Area 3,1,2 |
| Name the lesion that causes a visual field deficit? | Homonamous Hemianopsia |
| What type of memory is better preserved in Alzheimer's patients? | Long term memory preserved over short term memory or recent memory/short term memory is broken |
| Central sulcus fissure | separates frontal and parietal lobe |
| 10th cranial nerve descends and has an superior & inferior branch and the muscular difference that's innervates? | cricothyriod |
| Cranial nerve are part of which nervous system coming and going? | Peripheral |
| Roman numeral number for name cranial nerve? | I- OLDFACTORY: SMELL
II-OPTIC: VISION
III-OCCULOMOTOR: EYE MOVEMENT
IV-TROCHLEAR: EYE MOVEMENT
V-TRIGEMINAL: SENSORY/MOTOR FACE, TONGUE
VI-ABUCENS: EYE MOVEMENT
VII-FACIAL: SENSORY
VIII-ACOUSTIC:HEARING & BALANCING
IX-GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL: SENORY |
| Roman numeral number for name cranial nerve? CON. | X-VAGUS: SENSORY/ MOTOR LARYNX
XI-ACCESSORY: MOVEMENT PHARYNX, LARYNX, VELUM
XII-HYPOGLOSSAL: TONGUE MOVEMENT |
| Afferent & Efferent | Afferent
Sensory brings info to the CNS about sensation and state of body
Efferent
motor |
| 2nd cranial nerve optic and its pathway? | Optic nerve
occipital lobe
cortex
thalamic nuclei |
| Vagus branch | 5 branches
3 afferent
2 efferent |
| Inferior branch of vagus has a synonym what is it? | recurrant |
