in the toes and feet due to gradual occlusion of arteries (e.g. atherosclerosis and diabetes) --> coagulative necrosis
How does coagulative necrosis appear to the N.E.?
area appears pale, firm, and swollen
What are apoptotic bodies also known as?
councilman bodies
What is denaturation of proteins?
Necrotic cells preserve the outline of original tissue
Which type of gangrene has both tissue necrosis and putrefaction which are caused by bacteria?
gas gangrene
Whether cell damage is reversible or irreversible is dependent on what four factors?
1. Nature of the agent and it's severity; 2. Duration of the insult; 3. Type of Cell (brain cells- 3-5 mins; myocardial fibers-0.5-2 hrs); 4. Ability of tissue to regenerate
What happens with the swelling of endoplasmic reticulum?
Hydropic degeneration; ER appears fragmented, accumulation of detached ribosomes is known as myelin figures
What is Hypoxia?
Ischemia due to decreased blood supply; Inadequate oxygenation of blood; Loss of oxygen carrying capacity of blood
Which type of gangrene has crackling sensation of palpation?
gas gangrene
What is a fatty change?
Accumulation of fat within parenchymal cells of liver (due to hypoxia, alcohol, or DM); Membrane-bound lysosomes coalesce together producing fatty cysts; Appears as vacuoles due to accumulation of fatty droplets
