Question | Answer |
What is Transcription? | DNA --> RNA copy |
What is the 1st step in Transcription? | DNA Gene Segment SEPARATES (H-bonds break) |
What is the 2nd Step in Transcription? | ALIGNMENT of Free RIBOSE Nucleotides along Templates strand - base pairing |
What is the 3rd Step in Transcription? | BONDS FORMED between Phosphate groups and Ribose Sugars = Polymerization |
What is the 4th Step in Transcription? | Primary RNA Transcript SEPARATES from DNA |
What is the 5th Step in Transcription? | RNA splicing - Introns: cut OUT; Exons: spliced TOGETHER |
What is the 6th Step in Transcription? | processed mRNA DIFFUSES from Nucleus --> Cytoplasm |
What happens chemically during step 3 of Transcritpion? | ATP used; RNA Polymerease II GLUES Nucleotides together |
What are the 3 types of RNA and their Polymerase enzymes? | 1. mRNA: RNA Polymerase II; 2. tRNA: RNA Polymerase III; 3. rRNA: RNA Polymerase I |
What is the benifit of DNA Dependent Polymerase Enzymes? | NO RANDOM assembly of Nucleotides, no WASTED ATP |
What is Translation? | mRNA + mRNA + AA --Ribosomes--> Protein Product |
What is the 1st step in Translation? | mRNA DIFFUSES from Nucleus --> Cytoplasm |
What is the 2nd step in Translation? | ATTACHMENT to Ribosomes = (rRNA + Protein) |
What is the 3rd step in Translation? | tRNAs PICK UP specific AA |
What is the 4th step in Translation? | Exposed ANTI-Codon on tRNA forms H-bonds w/ complimentary Codon on mRNA |
What is the 5th step in Translation? | Peptidyl Transferase catalyze the formation of Peptide Bonds between AA --> Polypeptide --> Protein Product |
What is the 6th step in Translation? | tRNA FREED and REPEATS the process |
Till what point are mRNA & rRNA no longer used? | used until degraded by wear |
How many different Codons are there? | 64, same as DNA triplets |
RNA substatutes what bases? | substitutes Thymine with Uracil |