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Unit 2 Ch 2, 3, 4

QuestionAnswer
Polar A molecule with uneven distribution of charge
Cohesion Attractive force that holds like molecules together
Adhesion Attractive force that holds different molecules together
Hydrogen Bond The force of attraction between between a hydrogen molecule and an atom with a negative charge
Hydroxide Ion The negative ion represented by OH
Hydronium Ion The positive ion represented by H
Acid A substance with more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions
Base A substance with more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions
pH Scale The scale for measuring relative
Buffer Chemical substances that neutralize small amounts of acids or bases
Organic Compound Made of mostly carbon. Makes up most matter in living things
Monomer small simple molecules that make up carbon compounds
Polymer A molecule that is repeated
Codensation Reaction When monomers link to form polymers
ATP A compound that stores a large amount of energy
Carbohydrate sometimes a energy source other times a structural material
Monosaccaride monomer of a carbohydrate
Disaccharide two monosaccharides combine into a double sugar
Monosaccaride a complex molecule made of three or more monosaccharides
Protein organic compound that makes up things like hair, skin and muscles
Polysaccharide when amino acids form a covalent bond and release a water molecule
Polypeptide long chains of amino acids
Protein monomers of proteins
Peptide Bond fold in an enzyme
Enzyme the reactant being catalyzed
Substrate forms animal hormones
Active Site DNA and RNA
Lipid Smallest unit that can carry out life processes
Cytosol Cytoplasm that includes molecules and small particles
Prokaryote Organism that lacks a nucleus
Cytoskeleton Long threads of protein that help with cell movement
Microtubule Hollow tubes that hold organelles in place
Microfilament Hairlike structure that helps with movement
Cilium Hairlike structure that helps with movement
Plastid
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