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Bio Genetics: Monohy
Genetics: Monohybrid, Dihybrid, & Non-Mendelian
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alleles | One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome. |
| Heredity | The genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. |
| Homozygous | Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes; alleles in a pair are the same |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles at corresponding positions on homologous chromosomes. |
| Recessive | An allele that does not produce a trait if it is masked by a dominant allele. |
| Dominant | An allele that produces a trait when present; can mask a recessive allele. |
| Haploid | Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup, as distinguished from the physical appearance, of an organism or a group of organisms. |
| Phenotype | The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences. |
| Law of Independent Assortment | Each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random. |
| Gamete | Sex cell, ovum (egg) and sperm |
| Law of Segregation | Members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and distributed so that every gamete receives only one member of the pair. |
| Monohybrid | Cross between two individuals with different alleles at one genetic locus of interest. |
| Dihybrid | Cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits. |
| Loci | The position of a gene on a chromosome. |
| Codominance | Neither allele is dominant or recessive and both get expressed |
| Sex linked | Trait carried on the sex chromosome (X or Y)) |
| Incomplete dominance | Form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. |