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Drew Authement
Chapter 2,3,4 biology Drew Authement
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polar | a compound that has an uneven distribution of charge |
| Cohesion | an attractive force that holds molecules of one substance together |
| Adhesion | an attractive force between two particles of different substances |
| Hydrogen bond | attraction between a hydrogen molecule with a partial positive charge and another atom or molecule with a partial or full negative charge |
| Hydroxide ion | OH- |
| Hydronium ion | H3O+ |
| Acid | hydronium ions are greater than hydroxide ions |
| Base | hydroxide ions are greater than hydronium |
| pH scale | a scale that measures how acidic or basic something is |
| Buffer | neutralizes small amounts of either acid or base in a solution |
| Organic compound | compounds that are made primarily of carbon atoms |
| Monomer | Carbon compounds that are built up from smaller and more simpler molecules |
| Polymer | a molecule that consists of repeated linked units |
| Condensation reaction | When monomers link to form polymers through a chemical reaction |
| ATP | a compound that stores a large amount of energy in their overall structure |
| Carbonhydrate | organic compounds composed of carbon |
| Monosaccharide | a monomer of carbohydrate |
| Disaccharide | when two monosaccharides have combined in a condensation reaction |
| Polysaccharide | a complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides |
| Protien | compounds composed mainly of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon |
| Amino acid | an acid that contains a central carbon covalently bonded to four other atoms or functional groups |
| Peptide bond | the two amino acids that form a covalent bond |
| Poly peptide | amino acids that form long chains |
| Enzyme | protien molecules that act as biological catalysts |
| Substrate | the reactant being catalyzed |
| Active site | a fold in an enzyme |
| Lipid | large nonpolar organic molecules |
| Steriod | a triglyceride |
| Nucleic acid | molecules that store and transfer information in the cell |
| Nucleotide | a phosphate group, a five carbon sugar, and a ring shaped nitrogenous base |
| Cell | the smallest unit that can cary on all functios of life |
| Cytoplasm | the cytoskeleton, organelles, and the fluid inside the plasma membrane |
| Cytosol | organelles that are not membrane bound such as ribosomes |
| Prokaryote | organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus |
| Eukaryote | multi cellular organisms that have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Organelle | intracellular bodies that perform specific duties |
| Cytoskeleton | network of thin tubes and filaments |
| Microtubule | hollow tubes made of protein |
| Microfilament | long threads of bead like protein actin |
| Cilium | hair like substances that extend from the surface of the cell |
| Flagellum | hair like substances that extend from the surface of the cell |
| Plastid | organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane |
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6streak
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