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Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment
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Part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere
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Ch. 3 the biosphere
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment | Ecology |
| Part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere | Biosphere |
| A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring | Species |
| Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area | Populations |
| Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area | Communities |
| A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their non living, or physical environment | Ecosystem |
| A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities | Biome |
| Organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; producers | Autotrophs |
| Organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; autotrophs | Producers |
| Process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches | Photosynthesis |
| Process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates | Chemosynthesis |
| Organisms that obtain energy from the foods it consumes; consumers | Heterotrophs |
| Organisms that obtain energy from the foods it consumes; heterotrophs | Consumers |
| Organisms that obtain energy by eating only plants | Herbivores |
| Organisms that obtain energy by eating animals | Carnivores |
| Organisms that obtain energy by eating both plants and animals | Omnivores |
| Organisms that feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter | Detritivores |
| Organisms that break down and obtain energy from dead organic matter | Decomposers |
| Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | Food chain |
| Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem | Food web |
| A step in a food chain or food web | Trophic level |
| Diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web | Ecological pyramid |
| Total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level | Biomass |
| Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms off matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another | Biogeochemical cycles |
| Process by which water changes from a liquid to an atmospheric gas | Evaporation |
| The process of water evaporating from leaves of plants | Transpiration |
| All the chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life | Nutrients |
| Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia | Nitrogen fixation |
| Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas | Denitrification |
| Rate at which organic matter is created by producers in an ecosystem | Primary productivity |
| Single nutrient that either is scarce or cycles very slowly, limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem | Limiting nutrient |
| An immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of a limiting nutrient | Algal bloom |
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Hagi131096
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