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Anat and Phys W1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | The structure of an organism |
| Physiology | The study of the function of the organism and its parts. Also, the forces exerted and the potentials that exist. |
| What are the five categories of "anatomy?" | 1) Clinical - the treatment of diseases 2) Descriptive - character, form, size, position of organs and parts - not related to diseases 3) Gross - things that are visible to the naked eye 4) Microscopic 5) Developmental - from conception to adulthood |
| What are the 3 categories of the building blocks for an organism? | 1) Tissues 2) Organs 3) Systems |
| What are the 4 categories of TISSUES? | 1) Epithelial - surface/protective layer 2) Connective - support 3) Muscular - stimulated when contracted 4) Nervous - communicative |
| What are the three categories of joints? | 1) Synarthoses - immoveable 2) Amphiarthroidal - partially moveable 3) Diarthroidal - moveable (most common) |
| Condyle | A rounded prominence at the end of a bone, most often for articulation with another bone. |
| Foramen | A natural opening or passage, especially one into or through a bone. |
| Fossa | A hollow or depression, especially on the surface of the end of a bone, |
| Head | The proximal articular end of the bone. |
| Neck | The region of bone between the head and the shaft. |
| Meatus | A body opening or passage, especially the external opening of a canal. |
| Process | A relatively large projection or prominent bump. |
| Sinus | A cavity within a cranial bone. |
| Spine | A relatively long, thin projection or bump. |
| Rostral/Caudal | Head/Tail* (may be interchangeable in humans) |
| Dorsal/Ventral | Back/Belly |
| Lateral/Medial | Side/Middle |
| Anterior/Posterior | Front/Back |
| Superior/Inferior | Top/Bottom* (may be interchangeable in humans) |
| Proximal/Distal | Close/Distant |
| Superficial/Deep | Surface/Deep |
| Internal/External | Inside/Outside |
| Sinister/Dexter | Left/Right |
| Peripheral/Central | non-CNS/CNS |
| Afferent/Efferent | Toward the brain/Away from the brain |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Away from the center; outside of CNS; cranial nerves are not a part of CNS; 12 cranial nerves; 31 spinal nerves |
| Central Nervous System | Situated at or pertaining to center; principal or controlling; includes brainstem and spinal cord |
| Why is the pia mater important? | Pia Mater (adheres to cortical surface - cerebral spinal fluid flows b/w the arachnoid and pia mater) |
| What is the basic central auditory system pathway? | Cochlea -> Auditory Nerve -> Cochlear Nucleus -> Superior Olivary Complex -> Lateral Lemniscus -> Inferior Colliculus -> Medial Geniculate Body -> Auditory Radiation -> Heshl's Gyrus in Temporal Lobe -> Corpus Callosum |
| What are the Cranial Nerves? | I - Olfactory; II - Optic; III - Oculomotor; IV - Trochlear; V - Trigeminal; VI - Abducens; VII - Facial; VIII - Auditory (Vestibular); IX - Glossopharyngeal; X - Vagus; XI - Spinal Accessory; XII - Hypoglossal |
| Which cranial nerves are sensory, motor, or, both? | I - sensory; II - Sensory; III - Motor; IV - Motor; V - Both; VI - Motor; VII - Both; VIII - Sensory; IX - Both; X - Both; XI - Motor; XII - Motor |
| What is a mnemonic device for knowing the cranial nerves? | On Old Olympus' Towering Top A Fin And German Viewed Some Hops. |
| What does the trigeminal (CN V) innervate? | Tensor tympani for malleus Tensor Veli palatini for eustachian tube Ear canal |
| What does the facial nerve (CN VII) innervate? | Chorda tympani in TM Stapedius muscle in middle ear Courses alongside CN VIII Ear canal and many facial structures |
| What does the auditory (CN VIII) innervate? | Hearing Vestibular system |
| What does the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) innervate? | Ear canal Middle ear lining |
| What does the vagus (CN X) innervate? | Levator veli palatini for eustachian tube Ear canal |
| What is a mnemonic device for knowing the cranial nerves being sensory, motor, or both? | Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Business Makes Money. |
| What are the types of connective tissue? | Areolar - Cushion surrounding organs, connecting tissues, & supporting blood vessels are a few of the functions. Bone - hardest connective tissue. Blood - arise from the marrow; suspended in a matrix of plasma Fibrous - binds structures together. |
| Which nerves are play a role within the ear? | Cranial nerves: V (trigeminal); VII (facial); VIII (auditory/versitbular); IX (glossopharyngeal); and X (vagus) |
Created by:
duda713
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