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nucleic acid
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DNA vocabulary list
DNA vocabulary list flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| base pair | hydrogen bonds that form links between sugar phosphates |
| nucleic acid | any of a group of complex compounds with a high molecular weight that are vital constituents of all living cells |
| double helix | the form of the molecular structure of DNA, consisting of two helical polynucleotide chains linked by hydrogen bonds and coiled around the same axis |
| monomer | a molecule of low molecular weight capable of reacting with identical or different molecules of low molecular weight to form a polymer. |
| polymer | a compound of high molecular weight derived either by the addition of many smaller molecules |
| nucleotide | a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to phosphoric acid. Nucleic acids are made up of long chains (polynucleotides) of such compounds |
| nitrogen bases | a nitrogen-containing organic compound that has the chemical properties of a base, especially a pyrimidine or purine |
| molecule | the smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound. |
| chromosome | any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively. |
| deoxyribose | any of certain carbohydrates derived from ribose by the replacement of a hydroxyl group with a hydrogen atom. |
| hydrogen bond | a type of chemical bond in which a hydrogen atom that has a covalent link with one of the electronegative atoms |
| inheritance | something that is or may be inherited; property passing at the owner's death to the heir or those entitled to succeed; legacy. |
| adenine | a purine base, C 5 H 5 N 5 , one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids, as DNA, in which it forms a base pair with thymine, and RNA, in which it pairs with uracil. Symbol: A |
| guanine | a purine base, C 5 H 5 N 5 O, that is a fundamental constituent of DNA and RNA, in which it forms base pairs with cytosine |
| cytosine | a pyrimidine base, C 4 H 5 N 3 O, that is one of the fundamental components of DNA and RNA, in which it forms a base pair with guanine. Symbol: C |
| thymine | a pyrimidine base, C 5 H 6 N 2 O 2 , that is one of the principal components of DNA, in which it is paired with adenine. Symbol: T |
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