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Bob Jones Chpt 2.6

Key Terms

QuestionAnswer
protein An organic compound that is composed of amino acids.
amino acid The basic "building block" of a protein molecule.
polypeptide a chain formed by many peptide bonds, as in the formation of a protein by many amino acids being bonded by peptide bonds
nucleic acid An organic compound in living cells that is responsible for passing on hereditary information; DNA and RNA
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) A nucleic acid that is located primarily in the nucleus; carrier of genetic information.
double helix The shape of a DNA molecule, characterized by two parallel, spiral strands.
nucleotide The basic component of a DNA or RNA molecule; each is made up of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.
replication The process whereby a DNA molecule duplicates itself and forms a new DNA molecule.
RNA (ribonucleic acid) The RNA molecule that combines with proteins to form a ribosome.
transcription The process of forming messenger RNA and DNA
RNA polymerase An enzyme that separates the DNA double helix to initiate transcription.
Created by: LWelton
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