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Heather Lit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Figurative Language | Similies & metaphors |
| Metaphor | Bob is a pig. |
| Simile | @ things compared using "like" or "as" |
| Metonymy | "the crown" meaning the queen. When one word is substituted for another |
| Apostrophe | Addressing an object as though it were real..."O Mountain" |
| Hyperbole | Overstatement |
| Gratuitous Act | A deed w/o cause or motive |
| Personification | Thing or animal is given human characteristics |
| Synecdoche | When a small part stands for the whole or vice versa Wheels means car |
| verbal irony | when someone says the opposite of what is meant. (sarcasm) |
| irony of situation | Character is expecting one thing to happen and the opposite happens |
| Dramatic Irony | When the reader sees the on coming disaster and the character doesn't |
| Ironic Twist of fate | when the characters get something that they didn't deserve |
| Understatement | when something is described in a way that is less then the true case |
| Paradox | Using contradiction in a way that makes sense. "There is no freedom without laws" |
| sarcasm | sour statement tinged with mockery Same as verbal irony |
| Diction | word choice |
| dialogue | Conversation between 2 or more people |
| Soliloquy | Character speaks his innermost thoughts alone to himself....Type of monologue |
| Monologue | An extended speech where the characters has listeners |
| Aside | short passage spoken to the audience not heard by other characters |
| Story of Initiation | character initiated into maturity or experience |
| Satire | Witty humorous attack on something the author disapproves of |
| Novella | Longer than a short story & shorter than a novel |
| Epic novel | Based on war or life & actions of a hero |
| Novel | book length, more characters & scenes |
| Fiction | Not true |
| Non Fiction | True |
| Fable | Everything leads to a moral. Animals & nature |
| Journal | form of autobiographical writing, day by day |
| memoir | autobiographical dealing with recollections of memorable event |
| Essay | brief prose of a restricted topic |
| novelette | short novel written for a magazine |
| biography | written account of a persons life |
| autobiography | story of ones life written by that person |
| historical novel | fiction that claims a basis in fact, in another place & time |
| romance novel | life as we wish it was, not as it is |
| short story | more realistic than a tale. tries to show rather than tell |
| fairy tale | world of magic, dark in nature |
| tale | strange & wonderous events, revelation of the marvelous rather than character |
| parable | human characters, realistic plots, teaches a moral |
| picaresque novel | likable scoundrel, at odds w/ society, rascal or rogue who recounts his adventures |
| epistolary novel | story is told through letters |
| apprenticeship novel | a coming of age novel |
| Static character | fixed character, unchanging |
| dynamic character | a changing character |
| round character | complex, central, depth & detail, changing |
| flat character | only 1 outstanding trait, rarely main character, do not change |
| stock character | common, 'mad scientist' |
| foil | character used to highlight opposing traits in another character |
| hero | central character |
| antihero | protagonist lacking 1 or more conventional qualities of a hero |
| antagonist | most significant force that opposes the protagonist |
| protagonist | main character, main action of the story, in conflict with the antagonist |
| dramatic situation | person involved in a conflict |
| complication | introduces new conflict |
| crisis | point when crucial action, decision, must be made, making a turning point |
| conflict | general struggle between 2 or more forces |
| recognition | moment when ignorance gives way to knowledge |
| epiphany | moment of insight, "ah ha" moment |
| truism | a claim so obvious it's not worth mentioning |
| convention | established feature understood by author & reader.....once upon a time |
| enjambment | run on sentences, w/o punctuation |
| 1st person | when narrator is also a character using "I", "we" |
| 3rd subjective | narrator knows thoughts & feelings off more than 1 character & can switch between them |
| 3rd objective | fly on the wall doesn't allow the author to express thoughts & feelings of other characters, unbiased point of view |
| 3rd limited | knows thoughts & feelings of 1 character, 'he' 'she' 'they' |
| 3rd omniscient | narrator plays no part, but knows all, most reliable |
| exposition | beginning, when everyone is introduced, setting |
| rising action | when events start moving towards the climax |
| climax | moment of greatest intensity |
| falling action | after climax, towards conclusion |
| denouement | resolution, end |
| plot | arrangement of events |
| sub plot | 2nd story line, enhancing the first plot |
| setting | time & place, climate, season, year, location |
| tone/mood | the works feeling & manner |
| symbolism | object or person that represents something else |
| motivation | reason for the characters actions |
| suspense | pleasurable anxiety we fee, makes us wonder whats going to happen next |
| scene | described vividly in detail, creates an illusion, reader feels like they are there |
| imagery | descriptive language that creates a sensory experience |
| theme | recurring subject or idea evident in a work |
| flashback | scene relived in a characters memory, used to show something that happened before the story |
| style | writer's particular way of writing |
| allegory | when person place or thing consistently points to a parallel sequence of symbolic events....character named faith |
| in media res | starting a story in the middle of events w/o an explanation of what happened before |
| deus ex machine | 'a god from a machine' forced or improbable device used in the resolution |
| foreshadowing | arranging events in a way that gives clues to upcoming events |
| allusion | character name that makes reference to a place, event, famous person ect. |
| persona | fake person created to be the narrator, not just a character |
| onomatopoeia | word that makes the sound of crash...buzz....bang ect. |
| denotation | literal definition |
| connotation | additional meaning of a word |
| assonance | repetition of vowel sounds in successive words |
| alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds in successive words |
| minimalists | realistic fiction, flat, laid back, unemotional tone, just facts |
| genre | categorizes works by subject matter |